This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Patch-Based Techniques in Medical Images, Patch-MI 2017, which was held in conjunction with MICCAI 2017, in Quebec City, QC, Canada, in September 2017. The 18 regular papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 26 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on multi-atlas segmentation; segmentation; Alzheimer’s disease; reconstruction, denoising, super-resolution; tumor, lesion; and classification, retrival.