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Jude the Obscure de Thomas Hardy

Jude the Obscure: Wordsworth Classics

Autor Thomas Hardy
en Limba Engleză Paperback – 5 aug 1995

Considerăm Jude the Obscure un punct de cotitură radical în realismul victorian, un roman care nu doar respectă convențiile genului, ci le forțează până la punctul de rupere. Dacă în operele anterioare Thomas Hardy păstra o urmă de idilism rural, aici tragismul devine absolut. În tradiția lui Tess of the D'Urbervilles, acest roman continuă critica necruțătoare a structurilor sociale care strivesc individul, însă o face cu o furie intelectuală mult mai vizibilă. Reinterpretând destinul tragic, Hardy mută accentul de pe fatalitatea divină pe cea socială și instituțională.

Structura narativă este organizată riguros în șase părți, fiecare marcată de o locație geografică din regiunea fictivă Wessex, simbolizând etapele speranței și, ulterior, ale deziluziei lui Jude Fawley. De la eforturile sale solitare de a învăța latina ca pietrar în Marygreen, până la întoarcerea amară în Christminster, progresia este una a dezintegrării. Ritmul lecturii este dens, susținut de dialoguri filozofice între Jude și Sue Bridehead, o figură feminină surprinzător de modernă care contestă „sfânta căsătorie”.

Merită menționat că această operă a provocat un asemenea scandal la apariție, încât un episcop a ars-o în public, determinându-l pe Thomas Hardy să abandoneze proza. Față de Far From the Madding Crowd, unde natura oferea un refugiu, în Jude the Obscure peisajul devine fundalul unei lupte pierdute împotriva ipocriziei academice și religioase. Este, fără îndoială, apoteoza sumbră a întregii sale cariere de romancier.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9781853262616
ISBN-10: 1853262617
Pagini: 416
Dimensiuni: 127 x 198 x 23 mm
Greutate: 0.3 kg
Ediția:New
Editura: WORDSWORTH EDITIONS LTD
Colecția Wordsworth Classics
Seria Wordsworth Classics

Locul publicării:Ware, United Kingdom

De ce să citești această carte

Recomandăm acest roman celor care doresc să descopere o voce curajoasă ce a sfidat normele secolului al XIX-lea. Cititorul va câștiga o perspectivă profundă asupra tensiunii dintre ambiția personală și barierele de clasă. Este o lectură esențială pentru a înțelege tranziția către modernism, oferind o analiză psihologică a izolării care rămâne surprinzător de relevantă și astăzi.

Despre autor

Thomas Hardy (1840–1928) a fost un romancier și poet englez de o importanță monumentală, reprezentant al realismului victorian cu puternice influențe romantice. Născut în apropiere de Dorchester, el a imortalizat peisajul din sud-vestul Angliei sub numele de Wessex. Deși s-a considerat întotdeauna în primul rând poet, a atins faima prin romane precum The Mayor of Casterbridge și Tess of the D'Urbervilles. După reacțiile ostile primite de Jude the Obscure, Hardy s-a retras din lumea prozei, dedicându-și ultimii treizeci de ani de viață poeziei, publicând peste nouă sute de poeme care au influențat generații întregi de scriitori moderni.

Descriere

In 1895 Hardy's final novel, the great tale of "Jude The Obscure," sent shockwaves of indignation rolling across Victorian England. Hardy had dared to write frankly about sexuality and to indict the institutions of marriage, education, and religion. But he had, in fact, created a deeply moral work. The stonemason Jude Fawley is a dreamer; his is a tragedy of unfulfilled aims. With his tantalizing cousin Sue Bridehead, the last and most extraordinary of Hardy's heroines, Jude takes on the world--and discovers, tragically, its brutal indifference. The most powerful expression of Hardy's philosophy, and a profound exploration of man's essential loneliness, "Jude The Obscure" is a great and beautiful book. "His style touches sublimity."--T.S. Eliot

Descriere scurtă

Introduction and Notes by Norman Vance, Professor of English, University of Sussex.
Jude Fawley is a rural stone mason with intellectual aspirations. Frustrated by poverty and the indifference of the academic institutions at the University of Christminster, his only chance of fulfilment seems to lie in his relationship with his unconventional cousin, Sue Bridehead. But life as social outcasts proves undermining, and when tragedy occurs, Sue has no resilience and Jude is left in despair.
Hardy’s portrait of Jude, the idealist and dreamer who is a prisoner of his own physical nature, is one of the most haunting and desperate of his creations. Jude the Obscure is a dark yet compassionate account of the insurmountable frustrations of human existence which reflect Hardy’s yearning for the spiritual values of the past and his despair at their decline.

Notă biografică

Thomas Hardy (1840 - 1928) was an English novelist and poet. A Victorian realist in the tradition of George Eliot, he was influenced both in his novels and in his poetry by Romanticism, especially William Wordsworth. He was highly critical of much in Victorian society, though Hardy focused more on a declining rural society. While Hardy wrote poetry throughout his life and regarded himself primarily as a poet, his first collection was not published until 1898. Initially, therefore, he gained fame as the author of such novels as Far from the Madding Crowd (1874), The Mayor of Casterbridge (1886), Tess of the d'Urbervilles (1891), and Jude the Obscure (1895). During his lifetime, Hardy's poetry was acclaimed by younger poets (particularly the Georgians) who viewed him as a mentor. After his death his poems were lauded by Ezra Pound, W. H. Auden and Philip Larkin. Many of his novels concern tragic characters struggling against their passions and social circumstances and they are often set in the semi-fictional region of Wessex; initially based on the medieval Anglo-Saxon kingdom, Hardy's Wessex eventually came to include the counties of Dorset, Wiltshire, Somerset, Devon, Hampshire and much of Berkshire, in southwest and south central England. He destroyed the manuscript of his first, unplaced novel, but -- encouraged by mentor and friend George Meredith -- tried again. His important work took place in an area of southern England he called Wessex, named after the English kingdom that existed before the Norman Conquest.

Cuprins

Acknowledgements and Editorial Note
Introduction
A Note on the Text
Thomas Hardy: A Brief Chronology
Hardy’s Preface (1895), Revised Preface and Postscript (1912)
JUDE THE OBSCURE
Part First, At Marygreen, I-XI
Part Second, At Christminster, I-VII
Part Third, At Melchester, I-X
Part Fourth, At Shaston, I-VI
Part Fifth, At Aldbrickham and Elsewhere, I-VIII
Part Sixth, At Christminster again, I-XI
Appendix A: Major Textual Changes
Appendix B: Comments by Hardy
Appendix C: Contemporaneous Reviews and a Parody
Appendix D: Hardy’s Outlook
Appendix E: Influences and Contexts: Cultural Extracts
Appendix F: Oxford, Jowett, and Educational Opportunity
Appendix G: Divorce in Jude the Obscure
Appendix H: Map of Wessex Appended to the 1895 Edition of Jude the Obscure
Select Bibliography

Recenzii

When Thomas Hardy’s Jude the Obscure appeared in 1895, it immediately caused scandal and controversy. Its frank treatment of Jude’s sexual relationships with Arabella and Sue, its scathing criticisms of late-Victorian hypocrisy, its depiction of the “New Woman,” and its attacks on “holy wedlock” and religious bigotry outraged numerous reviewers; one called the book “Jude the Obscene.” Others saw it as brilliantly progressive in its ideas and techniques. Vivid and complex, satiric and harrowing, this novel marked the culmination of Hardy’s development as a leading novelist of the cultural transition from the Victorian to the Modernist era. The Broadview edition restores the original, controversial 1895 text.

“Cedric Watts’s edition of Jude the Obscure is one of an extremely interesting set of literary works from Broadview Press, distinguished by wise editorial choices and inclusion of a variety of documents contemporary with the works. Watts is one of our era’s most resourceful and level-headed analysts of literature, and his introduction richly sketches the angles of several controversies current in Hardy’s time. There are numerous selections from writings which influenced Hardy (science, philosophy, poems, the Bible) excerpts from essays and poems from the late nineteenth century, and materials in categories such as divorce, and university education, all of which amplify and add to Watts’ comments, and stimulate thinking about Hardy and nineteenth-century subjects, as well as about our own time.” — Dale Kramer, University of Oregon
“This is an informative and scholarly edition of the novel which brings out its explosive nature, why it so scandalised Hardy’s contemporaries. Professor Watts provides a clear, lively introduction, helpful notes and a wealth of material on the textual history of Jude the Obscure, its contemporary reception and its intellectual and social context. Readers of Hardy will find it immensely useful.” — T.R. Wright, University of Newcastle
“Broadview Press and editor Cedric Watts have done a splendid job.” — English Literature in Transition