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An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding de David Hume

An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding

Autor David Hume Editat de Stephen Buckle
en Limba Engleză Paperback – 8 apr 2014

Structura acestui volum din seria Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy este riguros concepută pentru a facilita accesul cercetătorilor și studenților la una dintre cele mai influente scrieri ale iluminismului scoțian. Metodologia editorială adoptată de Stephen Buckle se bazează pe utilizarea versiunii din 1772 a textului, considerată ediția definitivă, pe care o completează cu un aparat critic extensiv și o introducere ce plasează empirismul lui Hume în contextul său istoric și filosofic precis. Notăm cu interes includerea unor scrieri adiționale ale lui Hume, care funcționează ca un instrument de navigație pentru înțelegerea procesului de compoziție și a evoluției argumentelor despre limitele intelectului. Putem afirma că acest volum reprezintă o rafinare a preocupărilor academice ale lui Stephen Buckle, acesta publicând anterior Hume's Enlightenment Tract, o lucrare ce încerca să scoată An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding din umbra celebrului „Tratat asupra naturii umane”. În acest context, ediția de față nu este doar o simplă republicare, ci o sinteză a cercetărilor sale asupra legii naturale și a ordinii sociale, teme explorate și în Natural Law and the Theory of Property. Cititorii familiarizați cu Reading Hume on Human Understanding de Peter Millican vor aprecia modul în care acest volum aduce nou o perspectivă integrată: nu se limitează la eseuri critice, ci oferă textul primar flancat de documente care îi explică geneza. Spre deosebire de abordarea din Hume's Enquiry (Expanded and Explained), care utilizează comentarii intercalate în text, ediția Cambridge menține integritatea prozei lui Hume, oferind clarificări prin adnotări discrete și o introducere solidă, fiind ideală pentru un studiu academic aprofundat asupra scepticismului moderat și a cauzalității.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780521604031
ISBN-10: 0521604036
Pagini: 278
Dimensiuni: 152 x 229 x 16 mm
Greutate: 0.41 kg
Editura: Cambridge University Press
Locul publicării:Cambridge, United Kingdom

De ce să citești această carte

Această ediție este esențială pentru oricine studiază epistemologia sau istoria filosofiei moderne. Cititorul câștigă o înțelegere clară a modului în care Hume a redefinit limitele cunoașterii umane, beneficiind de un text bazat pe ediția definitivă din 1772. Este un instrument de lucru superior datorită selecției de scrieri conexe care clarifică intențiile autorului, fiind mult mai mult decât o simplă reeditare a unui text clasic.

Despre autor

Stephen Buckle este lector principal în filosofie la Universitatea Catolică Australiană. Expert recunoscut în gândirea secolului al XVIII-lea, Buckle s-a specializat în studiul empirismului britanic și al teoriilor legii naturale. Opera sa include studii de referință precum Hume's Enlightenment Tract și Natural Law and the Theory of Property. Expertiza sa în analiza textelor lui David Hume este dublată de un interes pentru etica aplicată, fiind implicat în dezbateri privind bioetica și experimentarea pe embrioni, ceea ce îi oferă o perspectivă interdisciplinară asupra limitelor rațiunii umane.

Descriere scurtă

David Hume's An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, first published in 1748, is a concise statement of Hume's central philosophical positions. It develops an account of human mental functioning which emphasizes the limits of human knowledge and the extent of our reliance on (non-rational) mental habits. It then applies that account to questions of free will and religious knowledge before closing with a defence of moderate scepticism. This volume, which presents a modified version of the definitive 1772 edition of the work, offers helpful annotation for the student reader, together with an introduction that sets this profoundly influential work in its philosophical and historical contexts. The volume also includes a selection of other works by Hume that throw light on both the circumstances of the work's genesis and its key themes and arguments.

Cuprins

1. Of the different species of philosophy; 2. Of the origin of ideas; 3. Of the association of ideas; 4. Sceptical doubts concerning the operations of the understanding; 5. Sceptical solution of these doubts; 6. Of probability; 7. Of the idea of necessary connexion; 8. Of liberty and necessity; 9. Of the reason of animals; 10. Of miracles; 11. Of a particular providence and of a future state; 12. Of the academical or sceptical philosophy; A Letter from a Gentleman to his Friend in Edinburgh; The Sceptic; Of Suicide; Of the Immortality of the Soul; Thumbnail biographies (from The History of England); Selections from Hume's letters; My Own Life.

Descriere

An edition of Hume's profoundly influential work together with some of his other writings.

Notă biografică

David Hume (/hjüm/; born David Home; 7 May 1711 NS (26 April 1711 OS) - 25 August 1776)[9] was a Scottish Enlightenment philosopher, historian, economist, and essayist, who is best known today for his highly influential system of philosophical empiricism, scepticism, and naturalism.[1] Beginning with A Treatise of Human Nature (1739-40), Hume strove to create a naturalistic science of man that examined the psychological basis of human nature. Hume argued against the existence of innate ideas, positing that all human knowledge derives solely from experience. This places him with Francis Bacon, Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and George Berkeley, as a British Empiricist.[10] Hume argued that inductive reasoning and belief in causality cannot be justified rationally; instead, they result from custom and mental habit. We never actually perceive that one event causes another, but only experience the "constant conjunction" of events. This problem of induction means that to draw any causal inferences from past experience it is necessary to presuppose that the future will resemble the past, a presupposition which cannot itself be grounded in prior experience.[11] An opponent of philosophical rationalists, Hume held that passions rather than reason govern human behaviour, famously proclaiming that "Reason is, and ought only to be the slave of the passions".[10] Hume was also a sentimentalist who held that ethics are based on emotion or sentiment rather than abstract moral principle. He maintained an early commitment to naturalistic explanations of moral phenomena, and is usually taken to have first clearly expounded the is-ought problem, or the idea that a statement of fact alone can never give rise to a normative conclusion of what ought to be done.[12] Hume also denied that humans have an actual conception of the self, positing that we experience only a bundle of sensations, and that the self is nothing more than this bundle of causally-connected perceptions. Hume's compatibilist theory of free will takes causal determinism as fully compatible with human freedom.[13] His views on philosophy of religion, including his rejection of miracles and the argument from design for God's existence, were especially controversial for their time. Hume influenced utilitarianism, logical positivism, the philosophy of science, early analytic philosophy, cognitive science, theology, and many other fields and thinkers. Immanuel Kant credited Hume as the inspiration who had awakened him from his "dogmatic slumbers".

Recenzii

Over a series of elegantly written, engaging essays, the Enquiry examines the experiential and psychological sources of meaning and knowledge, the foundations of reasoning about matters that lie beyond the scope of our sensory experience and memory, the nature of belief, and the limitations of our knowledge. The positions Hume takes on these topics have been described as paradigmatically empiricist, sceptical, and naturalist and have been widely influential and even more widely decried.
The introduction to this edition discusses the Enquiry’s origin, evolution, and critical reception, while appendices provide examples of contemporary responses to Hume.

“David Hume’s Enquiry concerning Human Understanding is a philosophical masterpiece that explores the nature of human cognition and the limits of our knowledge. This edition of the Enquiry helpfully puts the text in its historical context by presenting it alongside responses from Hume’s most significant 18th-century critics: George Campbell, Thomas Reid, James Beattie, and Immanuel Kant. Lorne Falkenstein’s incisive introduction and editorial comments offer readers, whether novice or expert, a sure hand as they navigate both the deceivingly straightforward text and the critics’ responses.” — Donald C. Ainslie, University of Toronto
“The 1758 edition of An Enquiry concerning Human Understanding was the first to be grouped together with A Dissertation on the Passions, An Enquiry concerning the Principles of Morals, and The Natural History of Religion. This grouping well reflects Hume’s ambition to recast his earlier Treatise on Human Nature, and brings into relief his explicit criticism of religion. In four appendices, Lorne Falkenstein has thoughtfully chosen selections by Hume’s contemporaries who challenge Hume on the central topics of the Enquiry: perception and reasoning, causation, and miracles. Falkenstein adds helpful notes providing further historical context. This is an excellent edition for undergraduate and graduate courses, and will be a welcome new resource for scholars.” — Jacqueline Taylor, University of San Francisco