Seneca's Oedipus is a work of exceptional historical and dramatic interest. It is the only surviving ancient Roman play on one of the most important and enduring myths of European intellectual history. It is poetically experimental, intellectually complex, and theatrically spectacular; its themes include the psychology of guilt, fear and reason, the ethics and limits of power, the order of fate and history, and the nature of tragic theatre. The impact of Seneca's Oedipus on the European dramatic tradition has been immense. This is the first full-scale critical edition with commentary to appear in English. It aims to elucidate the text dramatically as well as philologically, and to locate it firmly in its historical and theatrical context and, since it is especially attentive to the play's reception, in the ensuing literary and dramatic tradition. The verse translation is designed for both performance and serious study.