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Zum Ewigen Frieden

Autor Immanuel Kant
de Limba Germană Paperback
Die Altersschrift Zum ewigen Frieden gehort zu den bekanntesten Werken des deutschen Philosophen Immanuel Kant. So geht die neuzeitliche Bedeutung des Begriffs Frieden entscheidend auf Kants hierin vorgestellte Theorien zuruck. In Form eines Friedensvertrages wendet Kant seine Moralphilosophie auf die Frage der Politik nach dem Frieden zwischen den Staaten an. Auch hier gilt es, von der Vernunft geleitete Entscheidungen zu treffen und nach Gerechtigkeit zu trachten. Dabei stellt er klar, dass der Frieden kein naturlicher Zustand fur den Menschen sei und deshalb gestiftet werden musse. Die Gewahrung des Friedens sei Sache der Politik, welche sich der Idee eines allgemeingultigen Rechtssystems unterzuordnen habe; denn so heisst es im Anhang: Das Recht der Menschen muss heilig gehalten werden, der herrschenden Gewalt mag es auch noch so grosse Aufopferung kosten. Dem Despotismus erteilt Kant eine Absage. Bekannt geworden sind die Ideen des Volkerrechts, das die Verbindlichkeit der zwischenstaatlichen Abkommen fordert, und die Ausrichtung des Friedens als volkerrechtlichen Vertrag. In den Internationalen Beziehungen wird Zum ewigen Frieden" den liberalen Theorien zugeordnet. Die Charta der Vereinten Nationen wurde wesentlich von dieser Schrift beeinflusst."
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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9781542451956
ISBN-10: 1542451957
Pagini: 42
Dimensiuni: 129 x 198 x 2 mm
Greutate: 0.05 kg

Notă biografică

Immanuel Kant ( 22 April 1724 - 12 February 1804) was an influential German philosopher[23] in the Age of Enlightenment. In his doctrine of transcendental idealism, he argued that space, time, and causation are mere sensibilities; "things-in-themselves" exist, but their nature is unknowable.[24][25] In his view, the mind shapes and structures experience, with all human experience sharing certain structural features. In one of his major works, the Critique of Pure Reason (1781; second edition 1787),[26] he drew a parallel to the Copernican revolution in his proposition that worldly objects can be intuited a priori ('beforehand'), and that intuition is therefore independent from objective reality.[b] Kant believed that reason is also the source of morality, and that aesthetics arise from a faculty of disinterested judgment. Kant's views continue to have a major influence on contemporary philosophy, especially the fields of epistemology, ethics, political theory, and post-modern aesthetics. He attempted to explain the relationship between reason and human experience and to move beyond the failures of traditional philosophy and metaphysics. He wanted to put an end to what he saw as an era of futile and speculative theories of human experience, while resisting the skepticism of thinkers such as David Hume. He regarded himself as showing the way past the impasse between rationalists and empiricists,[28] and is widely held to have synthesized both traditions in his thought.[29] Kant was an exponent of the idea that perpetual peace could be secured through universal democracy and international cooperation. He believed that this would be the eventual outcome of universal history, although it is not rationally planned.[30] The nature of Kant's religious ideas continues to be the subject of philosophical dispute, with viewpoints ranging from the impression that he was an initial advocate of atheism who at some point developed an ontological argument for God, to more critical treatments epitomized by Schopenhauer, who criticized the imperative form of Kantian ethics as "theological morals" and the "Mosaic Decalogue in disguise",[31] and Nietzsche, who claimed that Kant had "theologian blood"[32] and was merely a sophisticated apologist for traditional Christian faith