Totem And Taboo
Autor Sigmund Freuden Limba Engleză Paperback – 6 iun 2022
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Specificații
ISBN-13: 9789356143449
ISBN-10: 9356143447
Pagini: 120
Dimensiuni: 156 x 234 x 7 mm
Greutate: 0.2 kg
Editura: Lector House
ISBN-10: 9356143447
Pagini: 120
Dimensiuni: 156 x 234 x 7 mm
Greutate: 0.2 kg
Editura: Lector House
Notă biografică
Ta b u ist ein polynesisches Wort, dessen Übersetzung uns Schwierigkeiten bereitet, weil wir den damit bezeichneten Begriff nicht mehr besitzen. Den alten Römern war er noch geläufig ihr s a c e r war dasselbe wie das Tabu der Polynesier. Auch das ¿ ¿ ¿ ¿ der Griechen, das K o d a u s c h der Hebräer muß das nämliche bedeutet haben, was die Polynesier durch ihr Tabu, viele Völker in Amerika, Afrika (Madagaskar), Nord- und Zentral-Asien durch analoge Bezeichnungen ausdrücken. Uns geht die Bedeutung des Tabu nach zwei entgegengesetzten Richtungen auseinander. Es heißt uns einerseits: heilig, geweiht, anderseits: unheimlich, gefährlich, verboten, unrein. Der Gegensatz von Tabu heißt im Polynesischen noa = gewöhnlich, allgemein zugänglich. Somit haftet am Tabu etwas wie der Begriff einer Reserve, das Tabu äußert sich auch wesentlich in Verboten und Einschränkungen. Unsere Zusammensetzung heilige Scheu würde sich oft mit dem Sinn des Tabu decken. Die Tabubeschränkungen sind etwas anderes als die religiösen oder die moralischen Verbote. Sie werden nicht auf das Gebot eines Gottes zurückgeführt, sondern verbieten sich eigentlich von selbst von den Moralverboten scheidet sie das Fehlen der Einreihung in ein System, welches ganz allgemein Enthaltungen für notwendig erklärt und diese Notwendigkeit auch begründet. Die Tabuverbote entbehren jeder Begründung sie sind unbekannter Herkunft für uns unverständlich, erscheinen sie jenen selbstverständlich, die unter ihrer Herrschaft stehen. Wu n d t nennt das Tabu den ältesten ungeschriebenen Gesetzeskodex der Menschheit. Es wird allgemein angenommen, daß das Tabu älter ist als die Götter und in die Zeiten vor jeder Religion zurückreicht. Da wir einer unparteiischen Darstellung des Tabu bedürfen, um dieses der psychoanalytischen Betrachtung zu unterziehen, lasse ich nun einen Auszug aus dem Artikel Taboo der Encyclopedia Britannica folgen, der den Anthropologen N o rt h c o t e W. Th oma szum Verfasser hat. Streng genommen umfaßt tabu nur a) den heiligen (oder unreinen) Charakter von Personen oder Dingen, b) die Art der Beschränkung, welche sich aus diesem Charakter ergibt und c) die Heiligkeit (oder Unreinheit), welche aus der Verletzung dieses Verbotes hervorgeht. Das Gegenteil von tabu heißt in Polynesien ¿n o a ¿, was ¿gewöhnlich¿ oder ¿gemein¿ bedeutet .
Textul de pe ultima copertă
In this brilliant exploratory attempt to extend the analysis of the individual psyche to society and culture, Freud laid the lines for much of his late thought, and made a major contribution to the psychology of religion. Primitive societies and the individual, he found, mutually illuminate each other, and the psychology of primitive races bears marked resemblances to the psychology of neurotics. Basing his investigations on the finding of anthropologists, Freud came to the conclusion that totemism and its accompanying restriction of exogamy derive form the savage's dread of incest, and that taboo customs parallel closely the symptoms of compulsion neurosis. The killing of the 'primal father' and the consequent sense of guilt are seen as determining events both in the misty tribal pre-history of mankind, and in the suppressed wishes of individual men. Both totemism and taboo are thus held to have their roots in the Oedipus complex, which lies at the basis of all neurosis, and, as Freud argues, is also the origin of religion, ethics, society, and art.
Recenzii
'With - Totem and Tabo Freud invented evolutionary psychology.'
'Freud has told us that for him all natural science, medicine, and psychotherapy were a lifelong journey round and back to the early passion of his youth for the history of mankind, for the origins of religion and morality - an interest which at the height of his career broke out to such magnificent effect in - Totem and Taboo.' - Thomas Mann
'Relations between social anthropology and psychology are still ill-defined and unstable. But in any resolution of them the work of psychoanalysts must be taken very seriously into account. It is very useful, then, to have this new translation of the pioneer work.' - Nature
'Freud had a strong element of the artist in his composition. Nearly all his work was well translated into English, with one glaring exception: - Totem and Taboo. Now, at last . . . justice has been done . . . The book itself is one of the most fascinating and characteristic, and also of the most speculative, in the whole Freudian canon.'
'Freud has told us that for him all natural science, medicine, and psychotherapy were a lifelong journey round and back to the early passion of his youth for the history of mankind, for the origins of religion and morality - an interest which at the height of his career broke out to such magnificent effect in - Totem and Taboo.' - Thomas Mann
'Relations between social anthropology and psychology are still ill-defined and unstable. But in any resolution of them the work of psychoanalysts must be taken very seriously into account. It is very useful, then, to have this new translation of the pioneer work.' - Nature
'Freud had a strong element of the artist in his composition. Nearly all his work was well translated into English, with one glaring exception: - Totem and Taboo. Now, at last . . . justice has been done . . . The book itself is one of the most fascinating and characteristic, and also of the most speculative, in the whole Freudian canon.'
Cuprins
Chapter 1 The Horror of Incest; Chapter 2 Taboo and Emotional Ambivalence; Chapter 3 Animism, Magic and the Omnipotence of Thoughts; Chapter 4 The Return of Totemism in Childhood;
Descriere
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If you don't know your incest taboo from your Oedipal complex, and you want to understand more about the culture we're living in, then Totem and Taboo is the book to read.
If you don't know your incest taboo from your Oedipal complex, and you want to understand more about the culture we're living in, then Totem and Taboo is the book to read.