In its totality, the "Long Second World War"--extending from the beginning of the Spanish Civil War to the end of hostilities in 1945--has exerted enormous influence over European culture. Bringing together leading historians, sociologists, and literary and film scholars, this broadly interdisciplinary volume investigates Europeans' individual and collective memories and the ways in which they have shaped the continent's cultural heritage. Focusing on the major combatant nations--Spain, Britain, France, Italy, Germany, Poland, and Russia--it offers thoroughly contextualized explorations of novels, memoirs, films, and a host of other cultural forms to illuminate European public memory.