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Securing Livelihoods: Informal Economy Practices and Institutions de Isabelle Hillenkamp

Securing Livelihoods: Informal Economy Practices and Institutions

Editat de Isabelle Hillenkamp, Frédéric Lapeyre, Andreia Lemaître
en Limba Engleză Hardback – 7 noi 2013

Remarcăm în acest volum o abordare riguroasă a economiei informale, structurată în jurul a 13 studii de caz ce analizează date empirice colectate din Africa, America Latină și Asia. Analiza pornește de la mecanismele practice prin care actorii economici își securizează mijloacele de trai în contexte de risc ridicat și protecție socială precară. Autorii demonstrează că practicile informale nu sunt reziduuri arhaice, ci strategii adaptative complexe, susținute de 15 figuri și 35 de tabele care cuantifică interacțiunile dintre sărăcie și vulnerabilitate.

Textul extinde cadrul propus de The Informal Economy in Developing Countries de Jean-Pierre Cling cu date noi provenite din rețelele interpersonale și asociațiile comunitare, oferind o perspectivă multidisciplinară asupra modului în care acești actori se repoziționează în raport cu politicile naționale și internaționale. În timp ce lucrările anterioare se concentrau pe dimensiunea macroeconomică, Securing Livelihoods pune accentul pe agenția individuală și colectivă, integrând ipoteza lui Karl Polanyi despre economia substanțială. Această lucrare completează tematicile explorate de editorul Isabelle Hillenkamp în Social Reproduction, Solidarity Economy, Feminisms and Democracy, unde analiza se concentra pe inițiativele de rezistență ale femeilor în perioade de criză.

Spre deosebire de Dimensions of Resilience in Developing Countries, care cuantifică reziliența prin munca de îngrijire neplătită, volumul de față prioritizează securitatea mijloacelor de trai ca principiu ghid. Ediția oferă instrumente metodologice esențiale pentru recalibrarea intervențiilor politice, bazându-se pe o înțelegere profundă a contextului instituțional și a accesului la resurse tehnologice sau financiare.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780199687015
ISBN-10: 0199687013
Pagini: 320
Ilustrații: 15 Figures, 35 Tables, 4 Boxes
Dimensiuni: 161 x 240 x 23 mm
Greutate: 0.64 kg
Editura: Oxford University Press
Colecția OUP Oxford
Locul publicării:Oxford, United Kingdom

De ce să citești această carte

Recomandăm această carte cercetătorilor și studenților din domeniul studiilor de dezvoltare care doresc să înțeleagă economia informală dincolo de clișeele marginalității. Cititorul câștigă o perspectivă bazată pe date concrete despre cum rețelele comunitare și adaptabilitatea instituțională pot substitui lipsa protecției sociale oficiale. Este un instrument esențial pentru cei care analizează politicile publice în economiile emergente.

Despre autor

Volumul este coordonat de Isabelle Hillenkamp, Frédéric Lapeyre și Andreia Lemaître, experți recunoscuți în studiul economiilor solidare și al dezvoltării sociale. Isabelle Hillenkamp are o activitate academică axată pe intersecția dintre economia solidară, democrație și feminism, publicând lucrări de referință despre reziliența comunităților în fața crizelor economice și ecologice globale. Expertiza lor colectivă oferă o viziune echilibrată între cercetarea de teren și teoria economică contemporană.

Descriere

Far from the vision of popular actors in the popular economy as reactionary and archaic, stubbornly resisting any move towards change, this book's overall aim is to contribute to a broadening and deepening of our understanding of the logic and socio-economic practices of those operating in the informal economy. It focuses on the vulnerabilities of these participants, resulting from high exposure to different risks combined with low social protection, and on the interactions between vulnerability and poverty. It considers security of livelihoods as the guiding principle for multiple practices in the informal economy. Thirteen studies, based on careful analyses of empirical data in different contexts in Africa, Latin America, and Asia, contribute to this multidisciplinary discussion.This book describes how people develop their own strategies to solve their problems through the use of interpersonal networks, associations, and other community-based arrangements. Moreover, it shows that informal economy actors systematically reposition themselves vis-à-vis the State, markets, international, and national policies with the aim of enhancing their economic and social security, and they may do this either individually or collectively. The book emphasizes how adaptability of the informal economy can be influenced by such factors as the macroeconomic context, access to financial, technological, and information resources, infrastructure, social protection schemes, and the institutional environment within which adaptations occur. Case studies stress the need to reformulate questions relating to policy intervention based on a more thorough understanding of the perspective of informal economy actors.

Recenzii

The informal and popular economy has often been analysed as a form of barefoot capitalism. The analysis in this book is completely different. Using mainly a Polanyian framework, which recognizes a plurality of principles of economic integration, it presents a new picture of the popular economy and of the role of solidarity within that economy. This different perspective gives a new impulse to conceive of public policy not only in terms of social protection organized by the State, but also in terms of efforts to coordinate formal and informal institutions and practices aimed at enhancing security of livelihoods.
Global economic crisis is adding to the numbers and vulnerabilities of the billion or more people in all parts of the world finding employment and survival in the informal sector. This important collection of 13 case studies from Latin America, Africa, and Asia brings out the human positives as well as the negatives of this process. The book broadens and deepens our understanding of how the informal sector contributes to income, security, and survival, providing some new sources of hope but also new warnings for th se who would simply view these trends with complacency.
The informal economy lies at the heart of the question of social security today. This is because the welfare state is being dismantled in the world's former leading economies and is being built by the BRICS. The issue of how to combine formal and informal institutions in more effective social protection programmes is urgent. This volume, bringing together an impressive range of new scholarship from several regions, breaks new ground in the on-going attempt to coordinate public provision with what people already do for themselves.
This book provides an intelligent and well-structured critical contribution to the knowledge of the popular economy. Inspired by Karl Polanyis hypothesis of the substantive economy, it demonstrates the heuristic value of Polanyis work. The studies, which have a strong empirical basis, focus on the informality, vulnerabilities, and finances of various forms of economic organization and their interaction with their socio-economic environments. The book also advances proposals for public intervention to support local development of the popular economy. This work marks a before and after methodology to investigate a key sector of the economy of peripheral countries.

Notă biografică

Isabelle Hillenkamp is Research Associate at the Institute of Socio-Economics, University of Geneva, attached to the Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research - LIVES. Her research focuses on the informal and popular economy in Latin America, with particular interest in community and solidarity projects. Before joining the University of Geneva, she was a post-doctoral researcher at the University San Andres of La Paz (Bolivia) and the National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (CNAM) in Paris. She holds a PhD in Development Studies from the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva. Frédéric Lapeyre is senior employment and informal economy specialist and Manager of the ILO-Technical Cooperation Project for Youth Employment in Katanga (PAEJK), International Labour Organization. He holds a PhD in Development Studies. Previously he was Professor at the Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium, Chairman of the Belgium Post-Graduate School for Development Studies, and Fulbright Post-doctoral Fellow at Brown University (Watson Institute for International Studies). His recent publications include 'The Contributions of the United Nations to Development Theory and Practices' (with R. Jolly, L. Emmerij and D. Ghai) and 'Poverty and Exclusion in a Global World' (with A. Bhalla). Andreia Lemaître is socio-economist and Lecturer in Development Studies at the Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium. She is a member of the Centre for Development Studies (DVLP) and of the Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Work, State and Society (CIRTES). She holds a PhD in political and social sciences from the Catholic University of Louvain and the Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, France. She was also a post-doctoral Fellow at the International Institute of Social Studies (ISS) of Erasmus University Rotterdam in The Hague. Her research focuses on popular and solidarity-based economy in the South, mainly in Latin America, and on substantive approaches to the economy.