Detailed account on the pathogenesis of encephalitis is provided in this book. Several infectious agents including bacteria, parasites, and viruses, can cause inflammation of the central nervous system (CNS). Encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain parenchyma, which may develop into a more intricate and severe disease known as meningoencephalitis. To establish precise diagnosis and formulate efficient drugs and vaccines against this disease, it is necessary to comprehend and analyze the mechanism of its pathogenesis. Extensive discourses on encephalitis have been presented in this book. Diagnosis and clinical symptoms of this disease along with a few neurological disorders, some virus infections, summaries of chemokine and inflammatory responses, non-viral causative agents of encephalitis, and the experimental model of encephalitis are the various topics that have been elucidated in this book. This book has been aimed at serving as a useful source of information for researchers as well as physicians and health care workers.