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The Job Ladder: Transforming Informal Work and Livelihoods in Developing Countries de Gary S. Fields

The Job Ladder: Transforming Informal Work and Livelihoods in Developing Countries: WIDER Studies in Development Economics

Editat de Gary S. Fields, T. H. Gindling, Kunal Sen, Michael Danquah, Simone Schotte
en Limba Engleză Hardback – 30 mar 2023

Recomandăm această lucrare fundamentală specialiștilor în politici publice, economiștilor, consultanților în dezvoltare internațională și cercetătorilor care vizează înțelegerea structurilor de ocupare a forței de muncă în Sudul Global. The Job Ladder propune o schimbare de paradigmă în analiza economiei informale, înlocuind viziunea binară (formal versus informal) cu un model stratificat, mult mai granular. Ne-a atras atenția rigoarea metodologică: autorii folosesc date de tip panel pentru a urmări parcursul real al lucrătorilor, oferind o perspectivă dinamică asupra modului în care indivizii urcă sau coboară pe „scara locurilor de muncă”.

Abordarea este una eminamente practică și comparativă. În timp ce Labor Markets and Economic Development de Ravi Kanbur v-a oferit cadrul teoretic și contextul globalizării, volumul de față furnizează instrumentele empirice necesare pentru a măsura mobilitatea între cele șase statusuri de muncă definite (de la angajați formali la lucrători independenți din eșalonul inferior). Această structură permite o analiză nuanțată a caracteristicilor gospodăriilor care facilitează tranziția spre locuri de muncă mai bine plătite.

The Job Ladder reprezintă o evoluție firească în opera editorului Gary S. Fields. Dacă în Employment and Development autorul stabilea legătura critică între sărăcie și calitatea muncii, iar în Pathways Out of Poverty explora rolul sectorului privat, volumul actual sintetizează aceste teme într-o metodologie unitară aplicabilă la scară globală. Este o resursă esențială pentru oricine dorește să înțeleagă de ce, în ciuda creșterii economice, munca informală rămâne o realitate persistentă și eterogenă.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780192867339
ISBN-10: 0192867334
Pagini: 460
Dimensiuni: 164 x 240 x 30 mm
Greutate: 0.93 kg
Editura: OUP OXFORD
Colecția OUP Oxford
Seria WIDER Studies in Development Economics

Locul publicării:Oxford, United Kingdom

De ce să citești această carte

Această carte este indispensabilă pentru profesioniștii din domeniul economiei dezvoltării care au nevoie de date concrete, nu doar de teorii. Veți învăța să identificați barierele specifice în calea mobilității forței de muncă și să utilizați modelul „scării locurilor de muncă” pentru a proiecta intervenții de politică publică mai eficiente, adaptate realităților din piețele emergente și țările în curs de dezvoltare.

Despre autor

Gary S. Fields este profesor de economia muncii la Cornell University, în cadrul School of Industrial and Labor Relations. Renumit pentru contribuțiile sale la studiul piețelor muncii din țările în curs de dezvoltare, Fields a fost distins în 2014 cu prestigiosul Premiu IZA în Economia Muncii. Expertiza sa se concentrează pe intersecția dintre ocuparea forței de muncă, distribuția veniturilor și reducerea sărăciei, fiind autorul unor lucrări de referință care au modelat politicile de dezvoltare în ultimele decenii.

Descriere

This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO licence. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations.Based on studies of a range of countries in the Global South, this book examines heterogeneity within informal work by applying a common conceptual framework and empirical methodology. The country studies use panel data to study the dynamics of worker transitions between formal and heterogeneous informal work and present a comparative perspective across developing countries in Asia, Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa, and North Africa and the Middle East. Each study provides a nuanced view of informality, dividing workers into six work statuses: formal wage-employees, upper-tier informal wage-employees, lower-tier informal wage employees, formal self-employed, and upper-tier informal self-employed. Based on this common conceptual framework, the country studies examine the distribution of workers across each of these work statuses, and document transition patterns across different formality and work statuses. The panel data analysed in each country study provide a basis for making statements about labour market transitions that are not warranted when using comparable cross-sections. The studies also examine the individual- and household-level characteristics associated with workers in each work status. Using these characteristics, each study constructs a 'job ladder' that ranks each work status, and then examines the characteristics of workers that are associated with transitions up (and down) the job ladder.

Notă biografică

Gary S. Fields is the John P. Windmuller Professor of International and Comparative Labor and Professor of Economics at Cornell University, Program Coordinator of the IZA Institute for Labor Economics Program on Labor and Development, and a UNU-WIDER Non-Resident Senior Research Fellow. He has been an Ivy League teacher and professor for fifty years, first at Yale University and then at Cornell University. He teaches and conducts research on labor economics and development economics. He is the 2014 winner of the IZA Prize in Labor Economics, the top world-wide award in the field, and a three-time winner of the General Mills Foundation Award for Exemplary Graduate Teaching.Tim Gindling is Professor of Economics, Affiliate Professor of Public Policy, and the 2020-2021 Lipitz Professor of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences at the University of Maryland Baltimore County (UMBC). His research focuses on the study of factors influencing the distribution of wages, income, and work in developing economies. He has been a Visiting Professor at the University of Costa Rica and the National Autonomous University of Costa Rica, and is the subject editor for economic development of the IZA World of Labor. His publications include the book Toward More Efficient and Effective Public Social Spending in Central America (with Pablo Acosta, Rita Almeida and Christine Lao Peña) and over 40 peer-reviewed articles and book chapters.Kunal Sen is Director of UNU-WIDER, Helsinki, and Professor of Development Economics at the Global Development Institute, University of Manchester. He has three decades of experienced in applied development economics research. He has authored eight books and is the editor of five volumes on the economics and political economy of development. His main area of research is the political economy of growth and development, international finance, the dynamics of poverty, social exclusion, female labour force participation, and the informal sector in developing economies. He was awarded the Sanjaya Lall Prize in 2006 and the Dudley Seers Prize in 2003 for his publications.Michael Danquah is a Research Fellow at UNU-WIDER. He is a development economist currently serving as focal point for the projects 'Transforming informal work and livelihoods' and 'African Cities' projects. He previously worked in the Department of Economics at the University of Ghana, Legon, and his research interests are in economic development in sub-Saharan Africa, primarily focussing on issues such as informality and productivity growth, among others. His work has been published in journals such as Journal of Development Studies, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, and Small Business Economics.Simone Schotte is a Visiting Researcher at UNU-WIDER. She is a development economist focusing on inequality, social stratification, and labour markets research. She holds a PhD from the University of Göttingen, and prior to her time at UNU-WIDER, she worked at the German Institute for Global and Area Studies (GIGA) and was a consultant to the World Bank. Her research has been published in journals such as World Development, Journal of Economic Inequality, Journal of Development Studies, Kyklos, and International Migration Review, among others.