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The Design of Approximation Algorithms

Autor David P. Williamson, David B. Shmoys
en Limba Engleză Hardback – 25 apr 2011

Observăm că The Design of Approximation Algorithms se impune ca o resursă academică fundamentală, scrisă de doi experți de renume de la Cornell University. David P. Williamson, laureat al prestigiosului premiu Fulkerson, și David B. Shmoys își fundamentează lucrarea pe o vastă experiență de cercetare acumulată inclusiv în laboratoarele IBM. Această expertiză se traduce într-o tratare riguroasă a problemelor de optimizare discretă, care, fiind în marea lor majoritate NP-hard, necesită soluții eficiente de aproximare provizibilă.

Credem că forța acestui volum rezidă în structura sa pedagogică ingenioasă. Cartea este organizată în două secțiuni simetrice: prima parte introduce tehnicile algoritmice esențiale — de la algoritmi greedy și programare dinamică până la programare liniară și semidefinite — în timp ce a doua parte reia aceste tehnici pentru a aborda probleme de o complexitate sporită. Această progresie permite o înțelegere profundă a modului în care conceptele teoretice sunt aplicate în scenarii reale, precum designul de rețele sau marketingul viral. În contextul operei lui David P. Williamson, acest manual completează direcțiile explorate în Network Flow Algorithms, extinzând analiza de la fluxuri de rețea către un spectru larg de tehnici de optimizare combinatorie.

Comparativ cu Approximation Algorithms de Vijay V. Vazirani, care este o lucrare de referință clasică în domeniu, volumul de față adoptă o abordare mai structurată pe tehnici de design decât pe clase de probleme, oferind un ghid metodologic mai explicit pentru studenții de la nivel masteral sau doctoral. Prezența celor 121 de exerciții și a numeroaselor ilustrații facilitează tranziția de la teorie la implementarea practică a soluțiilor euristice.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780521195270
ISBN-10: 0521195276
Pagini: 518
Ilustrații: 86 b/w illus. 121 exercises
Dimensiuni: 189 x 262 x 34 mm
Greutate: 1.12 kg
Ediția:New.
Editura: Cambridge University Press
Colecția Cambridge University Press
Locul publicării:New York, United States

De ce să citești această carte

Este manualul definitiv pentru orice cercetător sau student avansat în informatică și matematică aplicată care dorește să stăpânească designul algoritmilor de aproximare. Cititorul câștigă nu doar o bibliotecă de tehnici moderne (precum rotunjirea programelor semidefinite), ci și instrumentele necesare pentru a demonstra riguros cât de aproape de optim este o soluție găsită. Este o investiție în rigoare științifică pentru probleme computaționale dure.


Despre autor

David P. Williamson este profesor la Cornell University, activând în cadrul School of Operations Research and Information Engineering și Department of Information Science. Cariera sa îmbină mediul academic cu cel de cercetare industrială, deținând anterior poziții de management la centrele IBM T. J. Watson și Almaden. Expertiza sa în algoritmi de aproximare a fost recunoscută prin premiul Fulkerson în anul 2000, acordat de American Mathematical Society. David B. Shmoys, coautorul său, este de asemenea un cercetător proeminent la Cornell, ambii contribuind semnificativ la dezvoltarea metodelor moderne de optimizare combinatorie și programare matematică.


Descriere scurtă

Discrete optimization problems are everywhere, from traditional operations research planning (scheduling, facility location and network design); to computer science databases; to advertising issues in viral marketing. Yet most such problems are NP-hard; unless P = NP, there are no efficient algorithms to find optimal solutions. This book shows how to design approximation algorithms: efficient algorithms that find provably near-optimal solutions. The book is organized around central algorithmic techniques for designing approximation algorithms, including greedy and local search algorithms, dynamic programming, linear and semidefinite programming, and randomization. Each chapter in the first section is devoted to a single algorithmic technique applied to several different problems, with more sophisticated treatment in the second section. The book also covers methods for proving that optimization problems are hard to approximate. Designed as a textbook for graduate-level algorithm courses, it will also serve as a reference for researchers interested in the heuristic solution of discrete optimization problems.

Cuprins

Part I. An Introduction to the Techniques: 1. An introduction to approximation algorithms; 2. Greedy algorithms and local search; 3. Rounding data and dynamic programming; 4. Deterministic rounding of linear programs; 5. Random sampling and randomized rounding of linear programs; 6. Randomized rounding of semidefinite programs; 7. The primal-dual method; 8. Cuts and metrics; Part II. Further Uses of the Techniques: 9. Further uses of greedy and local search algorithms; 10. Further uses of rounding data and dynamic programming; 11. Further uses of deterministic rounding of linear programs; 12. Further uses of random sampling and randomized rounding of linear programs; 13. Further uses of randomized rounding of semidefinite programs; 14. Further uses of the primal-dual method; 15. Further uses of cuts and metrics; 16. Techniques in proving the hardness of approximation; 17. Open problems; Appendix A. Linear programming; Appendix B. NP-completeness.

Recenzii

"This is a beautifully written book that will bring anyone who reads it to the current frontiers of research in approximation algorithms. It covers everything from the classics to the latest, most exciting results such as ARV’s sparsest cut algorithm, and does so in an extraordinarily clear, rigorous and intuitive manner."
Anna Karlin, University of Washington
"The authors of this book are leading experts in the area of approximation algorithms. They do a wonderful job in providing clear and unified explanations of subjects ranging from basic and fundamental algorithmic design techniques to advanced results in the forefront of current research. This book will be very valuable to students and researchers alike."
Uriel Feige, Professor of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, the Weizmann Institute
"Theory of approximation algorithms is one of the most exciting areas in theoretical computer science and operations research. This book, written by two leading researchers, systematically covers all the important ideas needed to design effective approximation algorithms. The description is lucid, extensive and up-to-date. This will become a standard textbook in this area for graduate students and researchers."
Toshihide Ibaraki, The Kyoto College of Graduate Studies for Informatics
"This book on approximation algorithms is a beautiful example of an ideal textbook. It gives a concise treatment of the major techniques, results and references in approximation algorithms and provides an extensive and systematic coverage of this topic up to the frontier of current research. It will become a standard textbook and reference for graduate students, teachers and researchers in the field."
Rolf H. Möhring, Technische Universität Berlin
"I have fond memories of learning approximation algorithms from an embryonic version of this book. The reader can expect a clearly written and thorough tour of all the important paradigms for designing efficient heuristics with provable performance guarantees for combinatorial optimization problems."
Tim Roughgarden, Stanford University
"This book is very well written. It could serve as a textbook on the design of approximation algorithms for discrete optimization problems. Readers will enjoy the clear and precise explanation of modern concepts, and the results obtained in this very elegant theory. Solving the exercises will benefit all readers interested in gaining a deeper understanding of the methods and results in the approximate algorithms for discrete optimization area."
Alexander Kreinin, Computing Reviews
"Any researcher interested in approximation algorithms would benefit greatly from this new book by Williamson and Schmoys. It is an ideal starting point for the fresh graduate student, as well as an excellent reference for the experts in the field. The wrting style is very clear and lucid, and it was a pleasure reading and reviewing this book."
Deeparnab Chakrabarty for SIGACT News
"The structure of the book is very interesting and allows a deeper understanding of the techniques presented. The whole book manages to develop a way of analyzing approximation algorithms and of designing approximation algorithms that perform well."
Dana Simian, Mathematical Reviews

Descriere

Designed as a textbook for graduate courses on algorithms, this book presents efficient algorithms that find provably near-optimal solutions.