Recently crystallography and spectroscopy have reached a level of experimental sophistication and theoretical and computational advancements such that it is possible to understand the structure of even the most complex molecular systems, such as, proteins. The modern generation of synchrotrons and the powerful free electron lasers (X-FEL) offer new opportunities and exciting challenges in structural science, but they will require a coordinated approach of complementary methods if they are to achieve maximum impact. Researchers are constantly improving technical and computational methods to accelerate and automate characterisation processes and this is crucial to the fields to be explored in this book. Bringing together world experts in computational, crystallographic, spectroscopic, chemical, biological and numerous characterisation methods, this title will promote new interdisciplinary research and complementary approaches and techniques in the rapidly emerging areas of 'time resolved studies', leading to a greater overall understanding of structural dynamics.