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Spain: What Everyone Needs to Know®

Autor William Chislett
en Limba Engleză Paperback – 19 sep 2013
Spain has undergone significant transformations over the past three decades, from a dictatorship to a democracy and from a mostly local and agriculture-based economy to one of the biggest financial systems in the EU and internationally. Until 2008, it enjoyed a major influx of foreign investment and the most rapid economic growth of any of the countries in the EU, resulting in half of the new jobs created during the early days of the Union. Yet, it now faces the highest rate of unemployment in Europe and slow growth for the foreseeable future. Additionally, the country faces internal strife from the separatist Catalan region and stringent austerity measures. In Spain: What Everyone Needs to Know, veteran journalist William Chislett recounts the country's fascinating and often turbulent history, beginning with the Muslim conquest in 711 and ending with the nation's deep economic crisis, sparked by the spectacular collapse of its real estate and construction sectors. He explains how some of the ghosts of the 1936-39 Civil War were laid to rest and the country moved to democracy, and covers issues such as the devolution of power to the country's 17 regions, the creation of a welfare state, the influx of several million immigrants over a very short time span, the religious cleavage, the strengths and weaknesses of the economy and how the country can create a more sustainable economic model.What happens in Spain matters. As Chislett shows, the country is much more than bullfighting and flamenco. It is an international economic power, and its future will significantly shape that of the European Union.
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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780199936465
ISBN-10: 0199936463
Pagini: 256
Ilustrații: black & white tables, maps
Dimensiuni: 142 x 209 x 18 mm
Greutate: 0.28 kg
Editura: Oxford University Press
Colecția OUP USA
Locul publicării:New York, United States

Recenzii

A concise yet nuanced account of the history of Spain.
Spain is a model of intelligent concision, and it is splendidly balanced in its judgments and assessments. Perhaps at this moment it is Spaniards themselves who stand most in need of it, but it will attract a wide range of readers.
Chislett condenses [Spain's] difficult story in 200 tight pages without a single drop of hearsay or meanness: not only a record, but a declaration of love to a country and a job.
This is the one indispensable handbook on contemporary Spain. In lucid prose, it clearly explains everything one needs to know. It is dazzingly good on the economic crisis and the consequent undermining of social cohesion.
Objectivity of viewpoint, mastery of facts, depth of reflection, balance in judgement, economy in expression, and sagacity in selection rarely go together - especially in the arena of Spanish historiography. Few writers unite these qualities better than William Chislett in this useful, brisk, reliable, and engaging conspectus of Spain.

Notă biografică

William Chislett is a journalist based in Madrid. He covered Spain's transition to democracy (1975-78) for The Times of London and was later the Mexico correspondent for the Financial Times (1978-84). He writes about Spain for the Elcano Royal Institute, which has published three books of his on the country, and he has a weekly column in the online newspaper El Imparcial.

Cuprins

  • List of Tables
  • Acknowledgments
  • Political Map of Spain
  • Introduction
  • 1. Historical Background, 800 BC-1939
  • Where does the name Spain come from?
  • What was the legacy of the Muslim presence between 711 and 1492?
  • How did Ferdinand and Isabella forge a united Spanish kingdom?
  • How did the Spanish Empire arise?
  • Who was Christopher Columbus?
  • Who were the conquistadors?
  • What was the Spanish Golden Age?
  • Why did Spain go into decline in the 17th century?
  • What did the Bourbon kings contribute to the modernization of Spain between 1700 and 1823?
  • What was the 1812 Constitution?
  • What were the Carlist civil wars between 1833 and 1876?
  • Why was the First Spanish Republic (1873-1874) short lived?
  • What was the "Disaster" of 1898?
  • Why did Alfonso XIII go into exile in 1931?
  • What were the causes of the 1936-1939 Civil War?
  • Who was General Francisco Franco?
  • What were the ideological dimensions of the Civil War?
  • What role did foreign intervention play in the Civil War?
  • Why did the Republicans lose the Civil War?
  • 2. The Franco Regime, 1939-1975
  • What kind of dictatorship did General Franco establish after winning the 1936-1939 Civil War?
  • What was the Franco regime's role in the Second World War, and what happened to it after the defeat of Nazism?
  • How was the regime organized politically?
  • What was the economic legacy of the Civil War?
  • How was the Catholic Church rewarded for supporting General Franco?
  • Why was the 1953 military bases agreement with the United States important?
  • What role did the 1959 Stabilization Plan play in creating a modern economy?
  • What is Opus Dei?
  • How did Spain become one of the world's main tourist destinations?
  • What was the opposition to the Franco regime?
  • What is the violent Basque separatist group ETA?
  • What impact did the ETA's assassination of Prime Minister Carrero Blanco in 1973 have on the regime?
  • How much did the economy and society change during the Franco regime?
  • 3. The Transition to Democracy, 1975-1982
  • What happened when Franco died?
  • Who is King Juan Carlos I?
  • How was the transition to democracy achieved?
  • Who was Adolfo Suárez?
  • How important was grassroots mobilization and strike action in pressuring the regime to change?
  • What role did the Spanish media play in the transition to democracy?
  • What were the main economic problems?
  • What were the 1977 Moncloa Pacts?
  • What form did the 1978 Constitution take?
  • How and why was the system of regional autonomy created?
  • How different are the regions?
  • Why did the ETA continue its violent campaign for an independent Basque state?
  • Why was there an attempted coup in 1981?
  • 4. The Socialist Era, 1982-1996
  • Why did the Socialists win a landslide victory in the 1982 election?
  • Who is Felipe González?
  • How did the Socialists get to grips with the dire economic situation?
  • Why and how were the armed forces reformed?
  • Why did the Socialists oppose NATO membership and then make a U-turn?
  • What was the impact of European Economic Community membership?
  • What was the Socialists' foreign policy?
  • How did the Socialists create a welfare state?
  • How close were the Socialists to meeting the conditions for membership in the European Economic and Monetary Union?
  • What were the Socialists' relations with the Catholic Church?
  • What was La Movida Madrileña?
  • How did the Socialists advance the system of regional autonomy?
  • Why was a "dirty war" waged against the Basque terrorist group ETA?
  • What were the corruption scandals that brought down the Socialists?
  • 5. The Return of the Right, 1996-2004
  • How did the right reinvent itself and return to power in 1996 under the Popular Party?
  • Who is José María Aznar?
  • How did the Popular Party meet the conditions to adopt the euro as Spain's currency?
  • What role did privatization play in economic policy?
  • What were the Popular Party's other main economic reforms?
  • Why and how did Spain create multinational companies?
  • How did Spain cope with the influx of immigrants?
  • How did the Popular Party try to eradicate the Basque terrorist group ETA?
  • Why did Spain support the US-led invasion of Iraq in 2003?
  • Why did Islamic terrorists bomb trains in Madrid on the eve of the 2004 general election?
  • 6. The Socialists Strike Back, 2004-2011
  • Did the Socialists return to power because of the Islamic terrorist attack?
  • Who is José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero?
  • How did Spain become one of the most socially progressive countries?
  • How did the Catholic Church react to the reforms?
  • What was the Law of Historical Memory?
  • What made the economy boom for so long?
  • What was the impact of the collapse of the property and construction sectors?
  • What austerity measures were taken?
  • What caused the banking crisis?
  • What steps were taken to resolve the financial crisis?
  • What was the indignant movement?
  • What made the political class so unpopular?
  • Did the center-periphery tension improve under Zapatero?
  • 7. Political Crisis and Economic Recovery, 2012-2024
  • How did the Popular Party tackle the economic crisis inherited from the Socialists?
  • Why was the 2015 general election a watershed?
  • Why was Spain the last of the big European countries to have a hard-right party?
  • Why was the 2024 amnesty for those involved in the 2017 unconstitutional referendum for Catalonia's independence controversial?
  • 8. The Main Challenges
  • Notes
  • Selected Suggested Readings in English