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Reimagining the Judiciary: Women's Representation on High Courts Worldwide de Maria C. Escobar-Lemmon

Reimagining the Judiciary: Women's Representation on High Courts Worldwide: Comparative Politics

Autor Maria C. Escobar-Lemmon, Valerie J. Hoekstra, Alice J. Kang, Miki Caul Kittilson
en Limba Engleză Hardback – 12 oct 2021

Observăm în ultimele decenii o evoluție semnificativă în arhitectura puterii judiciare globale, unde prezența feminină în instanțele superioare a încetat să mai fie o excepție izolată, devenind un indicator al legitimității democratice. Reimagining the Judiciary documentează această transformare, oferind o rigoare metodologică specifică seriei Comparative Politics. Putem afirma că lucrarea reprezintă un punct de cotitură în literatura de specialitate, deoarece autorii, printre care Maria C. Escobar-Lemmon și Valerie J. Hoekstra, au construit primul set de date longitudinal care urmărește numirile de judecători la nivel mondial, depășind analizele pur anecdotice.

Notăm cu interes modul în care volumul descompune barierele invizibile, analizând nu doar instituțiile formale, ci și rețelele informale dominate de bărbați care pot limita accesul. Studiile de caz pe țări precum Africa de Sud sau Irlanda permit o înțelegere nuanțată a modului în care normele internaționale și presiunea organizațiilor non-guvernamentale accelerează schimbarea. Această abordare comparativă poziționează volumul ca o alternativă necesară la Gender and Justice de Sally Kenney pentru cursurile de drept și societate, având avantajul unei baze de date globale ce permite generalizări statistice, nu doar analize regionale.

În contextul operei autorilor, lucrarea extinde temele explorate anterior în Women in Presidential Cabinets, mutând focusul de la executiv către puterea judiciară. Dacă în lucrările precedente se analiza capitalul politic necesar femeilor în guverne, aici Alice J. Kang și Miki Caul Kittilson investighează modul în care „conductele” profesionale (pipelines) și stimulentele selectorilor politici pot fi recalibrate pentru a atinge paritatea. Este o analiză lucidă a modului în care ideile tradiționale despre magistratură se erodează sub presiunea modernizării și a angajamentelor internaționale.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780198861577
ISBN-10: 0198861575
Pagini: 216
Dimensiuni: 162 x 240 x 18 mm
Greutate: 0.49 kg
Editura: OUP OXFORD
Colecția OUP Oxford
Seria Comparative Politics

Locul publicării:Oxford, United Kingdom

De ce să citești această carte

Această lucrare este esențială pentru cercetătorii în științe politice și drept constituțional, oferind dovezi empirice solide în locul speculațiilor teoretice. Cititorul câștigă o perspectivă clară asupra mecanismelor care blochează sau facilitează accesul femeilor la vârful ierarhiei judiciare. Este un instrument indispensabil pentru înțelegerea modului în care diversitatea de gen reconfigurează instituțiile fundamentale ale statului modern.

Despre autor

Echipa de autori reunește experți de renume în politică comparată și gen. Maria C. Escobar-Lemmon și Valerie J. Hoekstra sunt recunoscute pentru studiile lor asupra instituțiilor politice și a comportamentului judiciar. Alice J. Kang și Miki Caul Kittilson au publicat anterior lucrări de referință despre reprezentarea femeilor în cabinetele prezidențiale și despre interesele politice ale femeilor. Colaborarea lor pentru acest volum reflectă o expertiză interdisciplinară ce combină analiza cantitativă cu studiul calitativ al instituțiilor, fiind afiliați unor instituții academice de prestigiu care colaborează cu European Consortium for Political Research (ECPR).

Descriere

This book examines the factors that facilitate the inclusion of women on high courts, while recognizing that many courts have a long way to go before reaching gender parity. Why did women start appearing on high courts when they did? Where have women made the most significant strides? To address these questions, the authors built the first cross-national and longitudinal dataset on the appointment of women and men to high courts. In addition, they provide five in-depth country case studies us to unpack the selection of justices to high courts in Canada, Colombia, Ireland, South Africa, and the United States. The cross-national lens and combination of quantitative analyses and detailed country studies examines multiple influences across region and time. Focusing on three sets of explanations --pipelines to high courts, domestic institutions, and international influences- analyses reveal that women are more likely to first appear on their country's high court when traditional ideas about who can and should be a judge erode. In some countries, international treaties, regional emulation, and women's international NGOs play a role in disseminating and linking global norms of gender equality in decision-making. Importantly, while informal institutions and reliance on men-dominated networks can limit access, women are making substantial strides in their countries' highest courts where the supply grows, and often where selectors have incentives to select women. Further, sustained pressure from advocacy organizations-at the local, national, and global levels-contributes to some gains. Comparative Politics is a series for researchers, teachers, and students of political science that deals with contemporary government and politics. Global in scope, books in the series are characterized by a stress on comparative analysis and strong methodological rigour. The series is published in association with the European Consortium for Political Research. For more information visitwww.ecprnet.eu The series is edited by Susan Scarrow, John and Rebecca Moores Professor of Political Science at the University of Houston, and Jonathan Slapin, Professor of Political Institutions and European Politics, Department of Political Science, University of Zurich.

Recenzii

Overall, the authors clearly outline general trends and summarize stand-out examples (both countries/courts that were quick to diversify and those that have still not diversified), and the authors accomplish all of this in a clear, accessible writing style.
This book and the data reported offer an invaluable resource

Notă biografică

Maria C. Escobar-Lemmon is Professor of Political Science and Associate Dean of Liberal Arts at Texas A&M University. Her research has focused on women's inclusion in government institutions in Latin America including the judiciary, presidential cabinets, the bureaucracy, and local government. She is the co-author of Women in Presidential Cabinets: Power Players or Abundant Tokens and the co-editor of Representation: The Case of Women. Her research has appeared in journals such as the American Journal of Political Science, Electoral Studies, the Journal of Politics, Latin American Politics & Society, Policy Studies Journal, Politics & Gender, and Publius: The Journal of Federalism.Valerie J. Hoekstra Is Associate Professor of Political Science in the School of Politics and Global Studies at Arizona State University. Her research has focused mostly on Judicial Politics in the United States. Specifically, she has studied public opinion and the Supreme Court, public opinion towards judicial nominees, state court and state legislative responses to Supreme Court decisions, changes in the selection and retention of state court judges, and judicial decision making on the Supreme Court. Her work has appeared in journals such as the American Political Science Review, the Journal of Politics, Political Research Quarterly, State Politics and Policy Quarterly, American Politics Quarterly, Justice System Journal, and Politics and Gender.Alice J. Kang is Associate Professor in the Department of Political Science and Institute for Ethnic Studies at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Kang conducts research on women in politics and women's movements. She is author of Bargaining for Women's Rights: Activism in an Aspiring Muslim Democracy. Her work has been published and is forthcoming in journals such as African Affairs, Comparative Political Studies, Democratization, Journal of Politics, Perspectives on Politics, Politics and Gender, and Politics, Groups, and Identities.Miki Caul Kittilson is Professor in the School of Politics and Global Studies at Arizona State University. Her research focuses on challenges to democratic inclusion across a variety of countries. She has previously published articles and books on women, gender and politics, political parties, courts, and political participation. She is the co-author of Seeing Women, Strengthening Democracy: How Women in Politics Foster Connected Citizens (with Magda Hinojosa) Her research has also appeared in journals such as the American Journal of Political Science, the Journal of Politics, International Organization, Comparative Political Studies, Politics, Groups and Identities, Perspectives on Politics, Party Politics, Political Behavior, and Politics and Gender.