The NATO Advanced Research Workshop on RecentAdvancesin Adsorption Processes for Environmental Protection and Security was held during, September 9–12, 2006, at Hotel Salyut, Kiev, Ukraine. There were 45 participants from 12 NATO countries, 8 Eligible Partner and Mediterranean dialog home and one key speaker from Switzerland. We hope that everyone went home with excellent memories and new ideas to enhance environmental protection and security through adsorption science and technology. The purpose of the Workshop was to bring together researchers and en gineers working in adsorption related fields, to share knowledge on the latest advances on adsorption processes for environmental security and protection, as well as to cross link and disseminate to the scientific community the main results and achievements of recent NATO SfP projects on environmental security and protection. Topics covered by the Workshop include recent theoretical and experi mental developments on environmental adsorption, adsorption processes, as well as synthesis and tailoring of novel adsorbents, including the assessment of materials and processes. The invited lectures provided a comprehensive report on adsorption and colloids, carbon materials and adsorbents for various industrial applications, and ecological safety and antiterrorism. Because rapidly developing areas in nanotechnology for fine chemistry, air quality, and environmental protection, are based on the synthesis and modificationof the adsorbents, special at tention was given to synthesis and chemical tailoring of porous materials to achieve desired properties as adsorbents and separation media.