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Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts de James Lockhart

Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts

Autor James Lockhart
en Limba Engleză Paperback – iul 2002

GRAMATICA: În acest volum, structurile gramaticale sunt introduse pe principii pur pedagogice, pornind de la trăsăturile esențiale și avansând spre complexitate prin exemple abundente extrase din documente istorice autentice. Remarcăm o abordare inovatoare a sintaxei, unde James Lockhart dezvoltă concepte de anticipare și referință încrucișată, elemente fundamentale pentru înțelegerea logicii limbii nahuatl, care nu sunt tratate cu aceeași profunzime în alte lucrări. Lecțiile sunt concepute ca un curs practic, oferind exerciții de scriere și vocabular specifice epocii coloniale.

Reținem că Nahuatl as Written funcționează ca o punte către lumea documentară a Mexicului central, transformând o limbă adesea percepută ca fiind inaccesibilă într-un instrument de cercetare viabil. Această lucrare reprezintă o evoluție naturală în opera autorului, venind să completeze studiile sale socio-culturale precum The Nahuas After the Conquest sau edițiile de documente din We People Here. Dacă lucrările anterioare se concentrau pe interpretarea istorică, volumul de față oferă cheia lingvistică necesară oricărui cercetător pentru a interoga direct sursele primare.

Alternativă la An Introduction to Classical Nahuatl de Michel Launey pentru același nivel, cu avantajul unei orientări mult mai pragmatice spre textele scrise (mundane writing) și a unui format de tip caiet de lucru care facilitează studiul individual. În timp ce alte gramatici pot fi abstracte, metoda lui Lockhart integrează ortografia și variațiile întâlnite în arhivele din secolele XVI-XVIII. Recomandăm acest volum împreună cu ediția sa pentru Grammar of the Mexican Language de Horacio Carochi, cele două formând un set complet pentru stăpânirea limbii nahuatl la nivel academic.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780804744584
ISBN-10: 0804744580
Pagini: 264
Dimensiuni: 216 x 279 x 23 mm
Greutate: 0.69 kg
Ediția:1
Editura: Stanford University Press
Colecția Stanford University Press

De ce să citești această carte

Recomandăm această carte studenților și istoricilor care doresc să descifreze documentele coloniale mexicane fără cunoștințe prealabile de nahuatl. Prin cele 20 de lecții practice și numeroasele exemple autentice, cititorul câștigă independență în traducerea textelor administrative și religioase vechi, beneficiind de expertiza unuia dintre cei mai mari specialiști în filologie indigenă.

Despre autor

James Lockhart, profesor emerit la University of California, Los Angeles, a fost un istoric de prestigiu specializat în istoria socială și culturală a Americii Latine coloniale. Recunoscut pentru abordarea sa inovatoare, el a mutat accentul cercetării istorice către filologia limbilor indigene, fiind considerat cel mai important interpret al textelor nahuatl. Autor al unor lucrări fundamentale precum Spanish Peru, 1532–1560, Lockhart a format generații de cercetători, perfecționând metode de predare care fac legătura între lingvistică și analiza documentelor de arhivă.

Descriere scurtă

Nahuatl was the primary native language of central Mexico both before and after the Spanish conquest. It is the Latin of the indigenous languages of the New World. Its tradition of alphabetic writing goes back to the middle years of the sixteenth century and embraces not only grammars, dictionaries, collections of preconquest lore, and works of religious instruction, but also, above all, a great mass of mundane writing by the Nahuas themselves for their own purposes. Though the past quarter century has seen a flourishing of ethnohistorical, philological, and grammatical studies based on this corpus, those interested in the world of Nahuatl texts still find access to it difficult.

James Lockhart, an eminent historian of early Latin America, is also perhaps the leading interpreter of this large body of work. He has translated and edited a wide range of texts, analyzed their cultural and linguistic implications, and over the years trained a large number of students, several of whom have gone on to become well known scholars of Nahuatl and other indigenous languages.

Lockhart's main tools of instruction were: (1) a gradually growing set of lessons consisting primarily of examples culled from many sources of the sixteenth through eighteenth centuries (or concocted in the spirit of that time), and (2) the grammar or Arte of Nahuatl published in Spanish by the Florentine Jesuit Horacio de Carochi in 1645. In small groups of students, with a maximum of personal instruction and discussion, these materials accomplished their purpose, but the lessons were only in skeletal form, and the Carochi grammar, too, in the Spanish editions available, needed extensive explanation.

Now, Lockhart has organized and expanded these materials into volumes that can be understood by students working alone or used in organized Nahuatl classes. The two books together will allow any seriously interested person to master Nahuatl sufficiently to begin reading the texts, and they will provide essential reference works as one progresses. They are geared primarily to the older form of the language and its written texts, but they can also be extremely useful to those studying the spoken Nahuatl of later times.

Nahuatl as Written presumes no previous knowledge of the language. Treating all essential features of Nahuatl, it is organized on purely pedagogical principles, using techniques developed over many years of practical teaching experience. The book is in large format, almost like a workbook, with a great abundance of examples that serve as exercises; the examples are also available separately for the student's convenience. The orthography and vocabulary are those found in texts of the time, and the last several of the twenty lessons give the student training in working with texts as they were actually written. Some of the lessons deal with syntax in a way not found elsewhere and develop notions of anticipation and crossreference that are basic to Nahuatl grammar. In line with Lockhart's wish to bring more people into the Nahuatl documentary world, an Epilogue surveys many of the published Nahuatl texts and an Appendix presents substantial selections from ten different texts.

Carochi's 1645 Grammar is the most influential work ever published on Nahuatl grammar and remains an essential work of reference. The best recent grammars of Nahuatl are based on it, but they have not exhausted it. It includes an extensive discussion of adverbial expressions and particles that is found nowhere else, as well as an irreplaceable fund of authentic examples from the time, translated by a contemporary. Though a facsimile edition is available, the original is very difficult to read, and only a few experts can fully understand the seventeenth-century Spanish and Latinate grammatical terms. This new edition presents the original Spanish and an English translation on facing pages. Helpful footnotes provide explanatory comment

Recenzii

"A volume that can be understood by students working alone, as well as by those taking Nahuatl classes. Nahuatl as Written presumes no previous knowledge of the language. . . . [It] is being issued simultaneously with Lockhart's bilingual edition of Horacio Carochi's 1645 Grammar of the Mexican Language. . . . The two works are complementary."—Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts

"This book is clear and easy to use, providing all the essential elements one needs to undertake translation of Nahuatl documents. It transforms the effort of learning this fascinating but difficult language into an enjoyable and rewarding challenge. It is another notable achievement in Lockhart's impressive career."—Caterina Pizzigoni, University of London

Notă biografică

James Lockhart is Professor Emeritus of History at the University of California, Los Angeles. Among his many books are The Nahuas After the Conquest: A Social and Cultural History of the Indians of Central Mexico, Sixteenth Through Eighteenth Centuries (Stanford, 1992) and Of Things of the Indies: Essays Old and New in Early Latin American History (Stanford, 1999)

Textul de pe ultima copertă

“A volume that can be understood by students working alone, as well as by those taking Nahuatl classes. Nahuatl as Written presumes no previous knowledge of the language. . . . [It] is being issued simultaneously with Lockhart’s bilingual edition of Horacio Carochi’s 1645 Grammar of the Mexican Language. . . . The two works are complementary.”—Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts
“This book is clear and easy to use, providing all the essential elements one needs to undertake translation of Nahuatl documents. It transforms the effort of learning this fascinating but difficult language into an enjoyable and rewarding challenge. It is another notable achievement in Lockhart’s impressive career.”—Caterina Pizzigoni, University of London