Unlike editing work performed on literary texts, editing musical scores is not ultimately about mere accuracy in establishing a (musical) text but in determining the way that text will sound. The text (or edition) is a mediator between the work and its performance. Thus, music editors do not address only scholars but also (above all) performers. They enhance the knowledge of their audience and to that end have to make themselves adequately understood. The problems for editing that this can involve (indeed should involve, given the awareness that mutual understanding is anything but easy) is the subject of this volume. It contains the papers delivered at two conferences organized in Berlin in 1998 and 2000 by the Group of Independent Research Institutes within the Music Research Society, in collaboration with the State Institute of Musicology.