This book presents a diverse collection of chapters on basic research at the molecular level using the Lepidoptera as model systems. This volume, however, is more than just a compendium of information about insect systems in general or the Lepidoptera in particular. Each chapter is a self-contained treatment of a broad subject area, providing sufficient background to give readers a sense of the guiding principles and central questions associated with each topic, in addition to major methodologies and findings. Comparisons with other major model systems are emphasized, with special attention given to the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. Topics include a historical overview of research using lepidopteran models, silkworm genetics, mobile elements of lepidopteran genomes, lepidopteran phylogeny, experimental embryogenesis and homeotic genes, chorion gene regulation and evolution, regulation of silk protein and homeobox genes in the silk gland, control of transcription by RNA polymerase III, hormonal regulation of gene expression during development, hormone action in the central nervous system, the molecular genetics of moth olfaction, the immune response, and use of engineered baculoviruses for basic biological studies and insect pest control. Molecular and developmental biologists at graduate student and researcher levels will find this book of great interest.