Description: Arthur Augustus Calwell (1896-1973) played a dominant role in Australia's development into a free, confident and independent nation in the twentieth century. This new biography tells the story of his life, career and achievements and argues that this knowledge is essential for understanding our Australian heritage and identity. Arthur Calwell held major positions at most levels within the Australian Labor Party. He was a leader within the trade union, an elected member of Melbourne City Council, and had responsible positions in the Victorian Public Service before entering Federal Parliament as the Member for Melbourne (1940-1972). He initiated and implemented policies that transformed Australia, enabling millions of migrants from several countries to migrate to Australia, making it the multicultural icon it has become today. He experienced opposition for his religious and political values when B. A. Santamaria and his Movement tried to dominate the ALP. His principled decision to remain within the ALP at that time cost him dearly and he experienced a campaign of extraordinary malice. As Federal Leader of the ALP, he vigorously promoted Labor values and policies, and came close to winning the Federal Election of 1961. Arthur Calwell was committed to serving the community rather than self-serving individualism. He defended parliamentary traditions and enjoyed personal friendships with many of his political opponents. This biography, written by his daughter, offers a unique perspective of his life and legacy, and enables her to draw informed conclusions about Calwell's era and the huge challenges he and his colleagues overcame in times of war and peace.