Situated on the "Main Street of Texas," Hillsboro's influence has radiated far beyond its locale on Interstate 35 in Central Texas. Once a part of the Texas frontier, the area was settled by pioneers in the 1840s, and in 1853, the Texas legislature created Hill County. Located east of the Brazos River on the Blackland Prairie, the dusty cattle town of Hillsboro soon became the county seat. In 1881, the railroad transformed Hillsboro, attracting migrant farmers and merchants from the Old South. By 1900, Hillsboro was a center for cotton production, and public buildings and homes still testify to the influence of "king cotton." Politics have long been a staple of the culture, and Lt. Gov. Bob Bullock, Attys. Gen. Thomas S. Smith and Crawford Martin, Speakers of the House T.S. Smith, Robert Lee Bobbitt, and Robert W. Calvert, and Sam D. Johnson have all called Hillsboro home.