A volume in Research in Global Child Advocacy SeriesSeries Editors Ilene R. Berson and Michael J. Berson(Sponsored by the Research in Global Child Advocacy SIGof the American Educational Research Association)Young children are coming of age surrounded by information and communication technology(ICT). ICT is a prominent force in their lives, and working with ICT can stimulate students intellectually,incite their creativity, and challenge them to apply developmentally appropriate inquiry approaches thatenhance their learning experiences. Digital technologies also allow children to expand their physical spaceand access many online social environments that transcend time and space. However, any focus on theefficiency and effectiveness of technology applications in the early childhood years cannot overlook thepotential consequences of technological development on children with regard to their social functioning,interpersonal interactions, and global understanding. In addition to evaluating technology as a tool ofinstruction, we must focus on educational implications and ethical issues associated with their use.This book is the fifth in the Research in Global Child Advocacy Series. The volume examinestheoretical assumptions as well as the application of innovative strategies that optimize the interface between young children and ICT from a globalperspective. Despite divergent perspectives, the chapter authors share a commitment to explore the immersion of ICT into the lives of young childrenand consider the educational value of these tools as well as the developmental appropriateness of technological affordances. This volume bringstogether scholars and policymakers whose rich discourse delves into questions such as: How do communication technologies benefit young children'ssocial and cognitive development? What standards and technical specifications are needed to effectively safeguard young children engaged with ICT?How are young children introduced to ICT? What are the challenges and risks for young children online? What programs are effective in mediatingrisk? What are the educational applications for ICT in early childhood? Is social networking the new "online playground" for young children? Howcan young children become competent users of digital technology and media? How can early childhood educators and families encourage positiveusage and discourage negative social consequences associated with today's technology? How can ICT enhance teaching and learning for youngchildren? What ICT activities are developmentally appropriate for young children?In the book there are three primary areas of emphasis: (a) ICT as a teaching and learningtool across cultures and countries to promote the social and cognitive development of young children;(b) research on developmentally appropriate education on cybersafety and cybercitizenship; and (c)studies on the influence of digital technologies on young children, including exposure to inappropriatecontent and participation in online social networks. This resource offers readers a glimpse into theexperience of children and the expertise of researchers and professionals who diligently work towardcrafting a framework for action that reflects intercultural and cross-national initiatives. Given the rolethat electronic media plays in the lives of children as both an educational and entertainment tool,understanding the physical and social contexts, as well as the developmental issues, is critical toprograms aiming to optimize the full potential of digital tools that support and enhance theexperiences of young children.