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Greek Tragedy

Autor Aeschylus, Euripides, Sophocle Editat de Shomit Dutta
en Limba Engleză Paperback – iun 2009

În volumul Greek Tragedy, explorăm vocabularul fundamental al teatrului clasic, concentrat pe teme precum 'hubris' (mândria excesivă), 'hamartia' (eroarea tragică) și 'catharsis' (purificarea prin emoție). Observăm o selecție strategică ce reunește cele trei mari nume ale tragediei ateniene: Aeschylus, Sophocle și Euripides. Această abordare metodologică nu se limitează la textul dramatic propriu-zis, ci ancorează fiecare piesă în contextul său istoric și teoretic prin includerea unor fragmente esențiale din Aristotel. Structura volumului este una progresivă, debutând cu un tabel cronologic necesar orientării temporale, urmat de prefețe critice care pregătesc cititorul pentru complexitatea fiecărei opere. Considerăm că prezența hărților și a tabelelor genealogice este crucială pentru a naviga prin relațiile de familie complicate din Oedipus Rex sau prin geografia mitică a Agamemnon. Lucrarea completează excelent titluri precum Masterpieces of Classic Greek Drama, aducând în plus perspectiva teoretică a lui Aristotel, ceea ce transformă lectura dintr-o simplă parcurgere a unor piese de teatru într-un curs introductiv complet despre genul tragic. Față de The Oresteian Trilogy, care se concentrează pe o singură suită narativă, acest volum oferă o panoramă a stilurilor diferite, de la rigoarea arhaică a lui Eschil la realismul psihologic al lui Euripide. În contextul operei lui Aeschylus, prezentul volum reia pilonii din The Persians and Other Plays, dar îi pune în dialog direct cu marii săi succesori, evidențiind evoluția teatrului de la interacțiunea cu corul la conflictul uman individualizat.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780141439365
ISBN-10: 014143936X
Pagini: 352
Ilustrații: maps
Dimensiuni: 129 x 198 x 29 mm
Greutate: 0.25 kg
Editura: Penguin Publishing Group
Locul publicării:London, United Kingdom

De ce să citești această carte

Recomandăm această antologie cititorilor care doresc o introducere autoritară în bazele culturii europene. Dincolo de textul pieselor, câștigați o înțelegere profundă a structurii dramatice datorită aparatului critic bogat și a fragmentelor din 'Poetica'. Este instrumentul ideal pentru studenți sau pasionați de beletristică clasică, oferind toate resursele necesare (hărți, genealogii, note) pentru a descifra simbolismul complex al antichității grecești.


Despre autor

Aeschylus (cca. 525–456 î.Hr.) este recunoscut drept părintele tragediei, fiind cel care a revoluționat teatrul prin introducerea celui de-al doilea actor, permițând astfel conflictul direct între personaje. Din vasta sa operă de aproximativ 90 de piese, doar șapte au supraviețuit integral, printre care celebra trilogie 'Orestia'. Alături de el, în acest volum, Sophocle și Euripides completează triada de aur a dramaturgiei ateniene. Sofocle este cel care a adus complexitatea ironiei tragice, în timp ce Euripide a explorat profunzimile psihologice și suferința umană, influențând decisiv evoluția ulterioară a dramei occidentale.


Notă biografică

Aeschylus was born of a noble family near Athens in 525 BC. He took part in the Persian Wars and his epitaph, said to have been written by himself, represents him as fighting at Marathon. At some time in his life he appears to have been prosecuted for divulging the Eleusinian mysteries, but he apparently proved himself innocent. Aeschylus wrote more than seventy plays, of which seven have survived: The Suppliants, The Persians, Seven Against Thebes, Prometheus Bound, Agamemnon, The Choephori, and The Eumenides. (All are translated for Penguin Classics.) He visited Syracuse more than once at the invitation of Hieron I and he died at Gela in Sicily in 456 BC. Aeschylus was recognized as a classic writer soon after his death, and special privileges were decreed for his plays.

Euripides, the youngest of the three great Athenian playwrights, was born around 485 BC of a family of good standing. He first competed in the dramatic festivals in 455 BC, coming only third; his record of success in the tragic competitions is lower than that of either Aeschylus or Sophocles. There is a tradition that he was unpopular, even a recluse; we are told that he composed poetry in a cave by the sea, near Salamis. What is clear from contemporary evidence, however, is that audiences were fascinated by his innovative and often disturbing dramas. His work was controversial already in his lifetime, and he himself was regarded as a ‘clever’ poet, associated with philosophers and other intellectuals. Towards the end of his life he went to live at the court of Archelaus, king of Macedon. It was during his time there that he wrote what many consider his greates work, the Bacchae. When news of his death reached Athens in early 406 BC, Sophocles appeared publicly in mourning for him. Euripides is thought to have written about ninety-two plays, of which seventeen tragedies and one satyr-play are known survive; the other play which is attributed to him, the Rhesus, may in fact be by a later hand.

Sophocles
was born at Colonus, just outside Athens, in 496 BC, and lived ninety years. His long life spanned the rise and decline of the Athenian Empire; he was a friend of Pericles, and though not an active politician he held several public offices, both military and civil. The leader of a literary circle and friend of Herodotus, he was interested in poetic theory as well as practice, and he wrote a prose treatise On the Chorus. He seems to have been content to spend all his life at Athens, and is said to have refused several invitations to royal courts.

Sophocles first won a prize for tragic drama in 468, defeating the veteran Aeschylus. He wrote over a hundred plays for the Athenian theater, and is said to have come first in twenty-four contests. Only seven of his tragedies are now extant, these being Ajax, Antigone, Oedipus the King, Women of Trachis, Electra, Philoctetes, and the posthumous Oedipus at Colonus. A substantial part of The Searches, a satyr play, was recovered from papyri in Egypt in modern times. Fragments of other plays remain, showing that he drew on a wide range of themes; he also introduced the innovation of a third actor in his tragedies. He died in 406 BC.

E.F. Watling was educated at Christ's Hospital and University College, Oxford. His translations of Greek and Roman plays for the Penguin Classics include the seven plays of Sophocles, nine plays of Plautus, and a selection of the tragedies of Seneca.


Descriere scurtă

Three masterpieces of classical tragedy

Containing Aeschylus's Agamemnon, Sophocles' Oedipus Rex, and Euripides' Medea, this important new selection brings the best works of the great tragedians together in one perfect introductory volume. This volume also includes extracts from Aristophanes' comedy The Frogs and a selection from Aristotle's Poetics.

For more than seventy years, Penguin has been the leading publisher of classic literature in the English-speaking world. With more than 1,700 titles, Penguin Classics represents a global bookshelf of the best works throughout history and across genres and disciplines. Readers trust the series to provide authoritative texts enhanced by introductions and notes by distinguished scholars and contemporary authors, as well as up-to-date translations by award-winning translators.

Cuprins

Greek TragedyChronological Table Introduction Further Reading A Note on the Texts Preface to Agamemnon Agamemnon by Aeschylus
Preface to Oedipus Rex Oedipus Rex by Sophocles
Preface to Medea Medea by Euripides
Preface to Frogs Extracts from Frogs by Aristophanes
Preface to Poetics Extracts from Poetics by Aristotle
Notes Genealogical Tables Map of Ancient Greece