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Evolutionary Medicine de Stephen C. Stearns

Evolutionary Medicine

Autor Stephen C. Stearns, Ruslan Medzhitov
Notă:  5.00 · o notă - 1 recenzie 
en Limba Engleză Paperback – 18 aug 2015

Recomandăm Evolutionary Medicine ca o resursă academică de bază pentru studenții la nivel de licență, master sau medicină, dar și ca un instrument de referință profesională în educația medicală continuă. Scrisă de Stephen C. Stearns și Ruslan Medzhitov, lucrarea propune o schimbare de paradigmă, trecând de la viziunea reducționistă asupra patologiei la una sistemică, ancorată în biologia evolutivă. Suntem de părere că forța acestui manual rezidă în structura sa interogativă; capitolele nu doar expun date, ci chestionează însăși natura pacientului și a bolii, investigând interacțiunile complexe dintre gazdă și agenții patogeni.

Subliniem modul în care autorii tratează subiecte sensibile, precum conflictele genetice din timpul reproducerii sau neconcordanțele dintre biologia noastră ancestrală și mediul modern, care explică prevalența obezității și a bolilor autoimune. Evolutionary Medicine extinde cadrul propus de Principles of Evolutionary Medicine de Peter Gluckman prin integrarea unor secțiuni detaliate despre oncologie ca proces evolutiv și despre tulburările neuropsihice (autism, schizofrenie) privite prin prisma selecției naturale. În contextul operei lui Stephen C. Stearns, acest volum reprezintă o evoluție firească de la abordările teoretice din The Evolution of Life Histories către o aplicabilitate clinică directă. Reținem, de asemenea, capitolul final care pune în oglindă medicina clasică și cea evolutivă, oferind o perspectivă critică asupra modului în care intervențiile medicale actuale pot genera noi provocări biologice.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9781605352602
ISBN-10: 1605352608
Pagini: 328
Ilustrații: illustrations
Dimensiuni: 236 x 180 x 16 mm
Greutate: 0.76 kg
Editura: Oxford University Press
Colecția OUP USA
Locul publicării:New York, United States

Recenzii de la cititorii Books Express

Anonim a dat nota:

Medicina evolutionista reprezinta o abordare relativ recenta pe plan medical si ofera un alt mod de a privi problematica pacientilor si a conditiilor medicale. Stearns (biolog evolutionist) si Medzhitov (medic imunolog) isi unesc eforturile pentru a exemplifica modul in care trecutul nostru biologic detine unele dintre raspunsurile privitoare la conditiile medicale umane ale prezentului. Pe masura ce evolutia biologica nu mai tine pasul cu evolutia culturala, se observa un dezechilibru tot mai accentuat cu repercusiuni majore asupra organismelor umane. Chiar daca este la inceput de drum, autorii spera ca aceasta abordare complementara a medicinei isi va gasi un rol binemeritat in sanatatea umana. Recomand cu caldura acest tratat.

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De ce să citești această carte

Această carte se adresează studenților la medicină și biologie care doresc să înțeleagă cauzele ultime ale bolilor, nu doar mecanismele lor imediate. Cititorul câștigă o perspectivă integrată asupra sănătății umane, învățând de ce suntem vulnerabili la anumite afecțiuni și cum evoluția patogenilor influențează succesul tratamentelor. Este un instrument esențial pentru a dezvolta o gândire critică în practica medicală modernă.

Despre autor

Stephen C. Stearns este profesor de zoologie la Universitatea din Basel, Elveția, fiind recunoscut la nivel internațional pentru cercetările sale în biologia evolutivă. Expertiza sa se concentrează pe evoluția istoriei vieții și pe aplicarea principiilor biologice în înțelegerea fenomenelor medicale complexe. Alături de Ruslan Medzhitov, Stearns a reușit să pună bazele teoretice ale medicinei evolutive moderne, transformând un domeniu de nișă într-o disciplină academică riguroasă. Lucrările sale anterioare au explorat atât fundamentele teoretice ale populațiilor biologice, cât și impactul factorilor umani asupra declinului speciilor.

Descriere

Published by Sinauer Associates, an imprint of Oxford University Press. Evolutionary Medicine is a textbook intended for use in undergraduate, graduate, medical school, and continuing medical education (CME) courses. Its professional illustrations and summaries of chapters and sections make its messages readily accessible. Chapter 1 introduces evolutionary thinking about both current dynamic processes and the deep patterns of history and relationship. Chapter 2 asks, "What is a patient?" and answers from a series of perspectives. Chapter 3 asks, "What is a disease?" Some causes are found in patients; others in pathogens; many in the interactions between them. Chapter 4 discusses the nature of defenses, the strategies that determine how they are deployed, and their costs as well as their benefits. Chapter 5 discusses pathogen evolution: the evolution of intrinsic virulence, of evasion and manipulation of host defenses, and of resistance to treatment, and how therapy might be made evolution-proof. Chapter 6 describes cancer as an evolutionary process with a history traced in the genome and with major implications for treatment. Chapter 7 discusses conflicts in reproduction: between mother and offspring, between maternally and paternally derived genes in the offspring, and among siblings. It also discusses menstruation, menopause, and the connection between invasive placentas and metastatic cancer. Chapter 8 discusses mismatches to modern environments, including obesity, cardiovascular disease, and autoimmune diseases. Chapter 9 discusses evolutionary perspectives on addiction, anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, autism, and schizophrenia. Chapter 10 explores the tension between individual and group interests and shows how medicine is creating new problems while solving old ones. Chapter 11 starts with questions that have not yet been answered, discusses why we have not chosen to address some issues, and concludes by comparing classical with evolutionary medicine.

Recenzii

Stearns and Medzhitov provide a valuable, authoritative resource for students encountering evolutionary medicine for the first time. For biomedical scientists, medical students, and students of evolution, it is a valuable introduction to an important emerging field.
This book is a gem of a textbook about the principles of evolutionary thinking and the relevance of evolutionary biology to clinical medicine. The authors draw upon decades of experience teaching medical students at Yale, with interesting examples, including experimental observations in other species.
In addition to being intelligent, engaging, clear, and concise (prerequisites for any good textbook), Evolutionary Medicine outlines the field as a series of problems and questions rather than as a set of facts and concepts. Stearns and Medzhitov repeatedly challenge the reader to think critically and logically, to question common assumptions, and to demand good, critical scientific data and thinking. The book is also fun to read because the authors' passion and pleasure in the topic are evident from start to finish. All in all, anyone reading Evolutionary Medicine will get a solid foundation and plenty of stimulus for thinking broadly and critically about how to apply evolutionary data and theory to medicine.
Evolutionary Medicine is intended for undergraduate, graduate, or medical school courses. It draws from fields as diverse as anthropology to molecular biology in order to illustrate the vast landscape of an organism in all its complexity. In contrast to the reductionist approach often taken to answer complex biological questions, much of the strength of the book derives from the authors' ability to step back and describe themes that are broadly generalizable. This alternative perspective allows for an innovative understanding of basic biological processes with profound translational potential. The striking simplicity of the author's overall thesis allows the book to address, in a novel light, questions as fundamental as 'What is a patient?' as well as 'What is a disease?'

Notă biografică

Stephen C. Stearns is the Edward P Bass Professor of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology at Yale University. A 1967 Yale graduate, he earned an M.S. from the University of Wisconsin and a Ph.D. from the University of British Columbia. He was a Miller Fellow at the University of California, Berkeley prior to his first academic appointment at Reed College. In 1983, he assumed the directorship of the Zoology Institute at the University of Basel, Switzerland, returning to Yale in 2000. In addition to Evolutionary Medicine, his books include Evolution: An Introduction; Watching, from the Edge of Extinction (coauthored with his wife, Beverly Peterson Stearns); and The Evolution of Life Histories. A founder of the European Society for Evolutionary Biology (and its journal) as well as the Tropical Biology Association, Dr. Stearns has served as President of both. In 2011 he received the Devane Medal for undergraduate teaching from the Yale chapter of Phi Beta Kappa.Ruslan Medzhitov is the David W. Wallace Professor of Immunobiology at Yale University School of Medicine. He is also an Investigator with the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. He obtained his B.A. (Biology) from Tashkent State University (1990) and Ph.D. (Biochemistry) from the Moscow State University (1993). Beginning his career as a visiting student at the University of California at San Diego, he became a Postdoctoral Associate with HHMI in January 1994, working at Yale University School of Medicine. With the late Charles A. Janeway, Jr. (with whom he worked as a postdoctoral fellow from 1994â€"1999), Dr. Medzhitov co-discovered and characterized mammalian Toll-like receptors, now recognized as integral to the innate immune system. Widely recognized for his research, he is a member of the National Academy of Sciences, a Fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology, and a member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences.