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Aurelius, M: Meditations


en Limba Engleză Hardback – 8 iul 2015

Considerăm că forța rezilienței umane nu este nicăieri mai bine documentată decât în Meditations, opera lui Marcus Aurelius. Autorul nu scrie din postura unui teoretician care dorește să impună o doctrină, ci din cea a unui lider aflat la cârma Imperiului Roman între anii 161 și 180 d.Hr., care își folosește jurnalul personal ca pe un instrument de supraviețuire morală. Subliniem faptul că această lucrare nu a fost concepută pentru publicare, ceea ce îi conferă o onestitate brutală, transformând rigoarea stoică a lui Zeno sau Chrysippus într-o reflecție intimă despre datorie și toleranță. Structura volumului, împărțită în douăsprezece „Cărți”, urmărește progresia gândirii împăratului de la recunoștința față de mentori, în prima parte, până la acceptarea senină a finitudinii existenței în ultimele capitole. Ediția de față, publicată de Dover Publications, păstrează claritatea necesară unui text care extinde cadrul propus de Meditations - The Original Classic Edition prin concentrarea pe esența filosofică, fără a încărca aparatul critic. Reținem că, spre deosebire de alte lucrări incluse în Major Works of the Stoics 3-Book Boxed Set, acest volum se distinge prin caracterul său fragmentar și aforistic, fiind mai degrabă un exercițiu de igienă mentală decât un tratat sistematic. În analiza noastră, observăm o paralelă fascinantă între auto-analiza severă a lui Marcus Aurelius și idealul de autocontrol din literatura creștină timpurie. Totuși, acolo unde creștinismul propune smerenia în fața divinității, împăratul roman pledează pentru o încredere în sine modestă, bazată pe rațiune și pe „cetatea interioară”. Este o lectură esențială pentru înțelegerea modului în care disciplina intelectuală poate atenua povara responsabilităților publice și a zbuciumului cotidian.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9781329353954
ISBN-10: 1329353951
Pagini: 116
Dimensiuni: 157 x 235 x 11 mm
Greutate: 0.33 kg
Editura: Lulu.Com

De ce să citești această carte

Recomandăm această ediție pentru oricine caută un ghid practic de echilibru emoțional. Veți câștiga o perspectivă unică asupra modului în care gândirea rațională poate transforma adversitatea în oportunitate. Este o lectură fundamentală pentru studenții la filosofie și pentru cei care doresc să exploreze stoicismul direct de la sursă, într-un format compact și ușor de parcurs, care demonstrează că problemele umane fundamentale au rămas neschimbate de două milenii.


Despre autor

Marcus Aureliu a fost împărat al Imperiului Roman din dinastia Antoninilor (161–180 d.Hr.) și unul dintre cei mai importanți reprezentanți ai stoicismului târziu. Născut într-o familie nobilă și adoptat ulterior de Antoninus Pius, el a condus imperiul într-o perioadă marcată de războaie și pandemii, experiențe care i-au șlefuit viziunea asupra lumii. Opera sa, scrisă în limba greacă, a supraviețuit ca o mărturie a datoriei și a integrității. Lucrările sale sunt adesea grupate alături de cele ale lui Seneca și Epictet, formând nucleul gândirii stoice care continuă să influențeze etica modernă.


Descriere scurtă

Meditations is a series of personal reflections by Marcus Aurelius, Roman Emperor 161-180 CE, written over a series of years in far-flung places as he led the Romans in military campaigns, quashed revolts, and dealt with the other tribulations of governing the Empire. It is best described as a spiritual journal, containing a record of the emperor's philosophical exercises. Aurelius wrote the 12 books of the Meditations as a source for his own guidance and self-improvement. In it he sets forth his ideas on Stoic philosophy. The influence Meditations has had over centuries of thought is immeasurable. This ""unendingly moving and inspiring"" work is often cited alongside Jean Jacques Rousseau's Confessions and St. Augustine's Confessions in discussions of the most profoundly spiritual works outside of the Bible. Recently, former U.S. President Bill Clinton called Meditations his favorite book.

Notă biografică

Marcus Aurelius Antoninus ( 26 April 121 - 17 March 180) was Roman emperor from 161 to 180 and a Stoic philosopher. He was a member of the Nerva-Antonine dynasty, the last of the rulers later known as the Five Good Emperors and the last emperor of the Pax Romana, an age of relative peace, calm, and stability for the Roman Empire lasting from 27 BC to 180 AD. He served as Roman consul in 140, 145, and 161.Marcus Aurelius was the son of the praetor Marcus Annius Verus and his wife, Domitia Calvilla. He was related through marriage to the emperors Trajan and Hadrian. Marcus's father died when he was three, and he was raised by his mother and paternal grandfather. After Hadrian's adoptive son, Aelius Caesar, died in 138, Hadrian adopted Marcus's uncle Antoninus Pius as his new heir. In turn, Antoninus adopted Marcus and Lucius, the son of Aelius. Hadrian died that year, and Antoninus became emperor. Now heir to the throne, Marcus studied Greek and Latin under tutors such as Herodes Atticus and Marcus Cornelius Fronto. He married Antoninus's daughter Faustina in 145.

Descriere

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Marcus Aurelius is considered to one of the great Emperors of Rome who was not only a skilled military leader but also a great philosopher in the Stoic tradition.He was born in 121 AD and both of his parents came from wealthy backgrounds. His father died when Marcus was 3 years old and by the time he was 6 he had gained the attention of the Emperor Hadrian who oversaw his education. Hadrian ensured that Marcus was taught by some of the greatest scholars in Rome who educated him in literature, drama, geometry, Greek oratory, Greek and Latin. Marcus later abandoned most of those subjects in favor of philosophy, with the work of the Greek philosopher Epictetus being a major influence on his thinking.Although Marcus spent almost all of his reign on campaigns in foreign territories, he managed to write down his thoughts and these became what are now considered a masterpiece of Roman philosophy, the discourses 'Meditations'. Marcus wrote 'Meditations' around 170 - 180, whilst on a campaign in central Europe, most probably in what is now Serbia, Hungary and Austria.The 12 books that make up 'Meditations' were not written as an exercise in explaining his philosophy but rather as a personal notebook for self-improvement and study.'Meditations' illustrates just how important Epictetus was to Marcus as he quotes the Greek philosopher's famed 'Discourses' on more than one occasion. Epictetus was a legendary figure in Greek philosophy and many claim he is the greatest of the Stoics; texts that remain in existence from the period suggest that in his native Greece, he was even more popular than Plato.As was previously mentioned, 'Meditations' was not written for public consumption but rather as an aid to personal development. Marcus wanted to change his way of living and thinking and to do this he embarked on a set of philosophical exercises. He would reflect on philosophical ideas and by writing them down and by repeating them he hoped to re-programme his mind and find his own philosophy to live by.One of the key exercises in the book discusses Marcus attempting to look at the world from 'the point of view of the cosmos' in a bid to try and look at life and the universe outside of the common and limited parameters of individual concerns."You have the power to strip away many superfluous troubles located wholly in your judgment, and to possess a large room for yourself embracing in thought the whole cosmos, to consider everlasting time, to think of the rapid change in the parts of each thing, of how short it is from birth until dissolution, and how the void before birth and that after dissolution are equally infinite."Marcus Aurelius died on March 17, 180, in the city of Vindobona which was situated where Vienna is today.History remembers him as the last of the 'Five Good Emperors' of theNervan-Antonian dynasty. Marcus' son Commodus replaced his father as Emperor and although he reigned over a relatively stable period in Roman history, in terms of war and peace, his personal behavior and antics were not in the spirit of those Emperors that came immediately before him. Commodus was eventually murdered in a plot that involved his mistress Marcia, thus bringing to an end the highly regarded Nervan-Antonian dynasty.