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Animal Innovation

Editat de Simon M. Reader, Kevin N. Laland
en Limba Engleză Paperback – 25 sep 2003

Nivel de studiu: master și referință profesională. Observăm în lucrarea Animal Innovation, editată de Simon M. Reader și Kevin N. Laland, un efort academic pionierat de a cartografia un domeniu mult timp neglijat de biologia comportamentală și psihologie. Volumul reușește să scoată inovația animală din sfera anecdoticii — exemplificată prin faimoasele comportamente de hrănire ale macacului Imo — și să o plaseze ferm în contextul flexibilității adaptative și al evoluției cognitive.

Descoperim aici o structură riguroasă ce tratează inovația nu ca pe un accident, ci ca pe o componentă critică pentru supraviețuirea în medii antropizate sau sărace în resurse. Textul integrează perspective din ecologie și neuroștiințe, analizând cum ajustarea comportamentelor existente sau inventarea unora noi a influențat dimensiunea creierului la diverse taxoane. Comparabil cu Animal Creativity and Innovation de Allison B. Kaufman în rigoarea științifică, acest volum se distinge prin concentrarea sa pe mecanismele biologice și presiunile selective, oferind un fundament teoretic esențial pe care lucrările ulterioare l-au extins către studiul subiectivității.

Putem afirma că Animal Innovation rămâne o referință critică pentru cercetătorii care doresc să înțeleagă cum speciile răspund la stres prin noutate comportamentală. Deși a fost publicat inițial în 2003, datele prezentate despre transmiterea socială a inovațiilor rămân actuale, fiind susținute vizual de numeroase figuri și ilustrații ce facilitează înțelegerea modelelor complexe de învățare și propagare a culturii animale.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780198526223
ISBN-10: 0198526229
Pagini: 354
Ilustrații: numerous figures and halftones
Dimensiuni: 168 x 240 x 19 mm
Greutate: 0.61 kg
Editura: OUP OXFORD
Colecția OUP Oxford
Locul publicării:Oxford, United Kingdom

De ce să citești această carte

Această carte este esențială pentru studenții la biologie și psihologie comparată care vor să înțeleagă bazele evolutive ale inteligenței. Cititorul câștigă o perspectivă științifică asupra modului în care animalele rezolvă probleme noi, depășind viziunea simplistă a instinctului. Este un instrument de lucru valoros pentru specialiștii în conservare, oferind indicii despre cum speciile amenințate se pot adapta la schimbările climatice sau de habitat prin flexibilitate comportamentală.


Despre autor

Simon M. Reader și Kevin N. Laland sunt cercetători de renume mondial în domeniul evoluției culturale și al etologiei. Kevin N. Laland este profesor de biologie evoluționistă și comportamentală, cunoscut pentru lucrările sale despre construcția nișei și moștenirea culturală la animale. Simon M. Reader este specializat în mecanismele de învățare socială și inovație, explorând modul în care animalele folosesc informația pentru a naviga în medii complexe. Împreună, au coordonat această ediție sub egida OUP Oxford, stabilind standardele de cercetare pentru studiul cogniției animale aplicate.


Descriere

In 1953 a young female Japanese macaque called Imo began washing sweet potatoes before eating them, presumably to remove dirt and sand grains. Soon other monkeys had adopted this behaviour, and potato washing gradually spread throughout the troop. When, three years after her first invention, Imo devised a second novel foraging behaviour, that of separating wheat from sand by throwing mixed handfuls into water and scooping out the floating grains, she was almost instantly heralded around the world as a 'monkey genius'. Imo is probably the most celebrated of animal innovators. In fact, many animals will invent new behaviour patterns, adjust established behaviours to a novel context, or respond to stresses in an appropriate and novel manner.Innovation is an important component of behavioural flexibility, vital to the survival of individuals in species with generalist or opportunistic lifestyles, and potentially of critical importance to those endangered or threatened species forced to adjust to changed or impoverished environments. Innovation may also have played a central role in avian and primate brain evolution. Yet until recently animal innovation has been subject to almost complete neglect by behavioural biologists, psychologists, social learning researchers, and conservation-minded biologists.This collection of stimulating and readable articles by leading scientific authorities is the first ever book on 'animal innovation', designed to put the topic of animal innovation on the map and heighten awareness of this developing field.

Recenzii

This interesting collection of chapters seems bound to stimulate further research, and it may well cause researchers to be more alert to the potential importance of phenomena that might previously have been dismissed as one-off events or anecdotes. It is also a thought-provoking and pleasant read . . . Acquire Animal Innovation, and you'll probably get some new and useful ideas for your teaching and research.
I really enjoyed reading this book. The pleasure stemmed from both specific and general features ... All of the chapters are eminently readable, so this could serve as additional reading on an undergraduate course ... I thought this book provided a pile of fun information on animal behavior as well as research challenges for the future. About how many edited volumes can you say the same?
. . . the book provides a state-of-the-art compendium of different approaches to animal innovation, with several chapters neatly summarising the results of several years' work, and is rich in ideas for further work. This should make it invaluable to students, especially post-graduates, interested in the area . . . an informative and stimulating volume.
Probing the relation between development and innovation is one of the 'ten unanswered questions' that Reader and Laland pose in their opening chapter and, having now read Animal Innovation for myself, I can assure tham that their book does indeed 'provide a stimulus to generating answers to . . . these interesting and important questions', even if I am going to try to do so in the lowly baboon and not the groovy guppy.
. . . this book presents a convincing case that innovation is a coherent and exciting topic for biologists. And as such it meets its aim to stimulate awareness in this newly developing field.
The editors have succeeded in putting innovation well and truly on the map as a phenomenon to be reckoned with. They provide a series of outstanding questions that demand answers, and the book will stimulate further research efforts.
Innovation has likely been a significant causal force in the evolution of many species. This book provides a wide-ranging and up-to-date review of an important phenomenon.
Over the past 20 years, as scientists have conducted increasingly detailed, long-term studies of animals, they have come to know their subjects' behaviour so well that they can state with confidence when a truly novel innovation has appeared. Animal Innovation offers the first attempt to analyse such discoveries in a careful, scientific manner. The volume is filled with wonderful examples - strikingly innovative behaviours by species ranging from guppies to chimpanzees ... Observing an animal do something it has never done before is genuinely exciting. Animal Innovation offers the equally exciting prospect of studying such creative behaviour scientifically.
Innovation - the Mother of All Culture - has been curiously neglected for decades, in part because no one really knew how to study it. Now, at last, we do, and this book shows how it should be done and documents the surprising advances that have been made in just a few years.
I thoroughly recommend this book to anyone with an interest in primate behaviour. It describes a fascinating range of innovative behaviours seen in primate and non-primate species alike and is extremely thought-provoking in describing the challenges to be faced by those wishing to drive this area of scientific enquiry forward. All chapters are highly readable and pitched at a level accessible to final year undergraduates, this makes the book an excellent text for courses in primatology or animal bahviour more broadly.