Bone marrow located in the heads of long bones can be termed as a manufacturing center of red blood cells and lymphocytes as it produces billions of cells per day depending upon the requirement of the body. Bone marrow transplant is regarded as one of the most popular methods for treating blood cancer. Stem cells are generally found in embryos. These cells have a remarkable tendency to transform themselves into different body cells with the help of stem cell engineering techniques. Due to their regenerative potential they have the capability to treat diseases like heart problems, diabetes, etc. This book presents the complex subjects of bone marrow and stem cell research in the most comprehensible and easy to understand language. It attempts to understand the multiple branches that fall under the discipline of bone marrow and stem cells, and how such concepts have practical applications. The various studies that are constantly contributing towards the evolution of these fields are examined in detail. It will help the readers in keeping pace with the rapid changes in this field.