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A Human Error Approach to Aviation Accident Analysis: The Human Factors Analysis and Classification System de Douglas A. Wiegmann

A Human Error Approach to Aviation Accident Analysis: The Human Factors Analysis and Classification System

Autor Douglas A. Wiegmann, Scott A. Shappell
en Limba Engleză Paperback – 18 iul 2003

Considerăm că analiza accidentelor aviatice necesită o trecere riguroasă de la simpla constatare a erorii umane către o înțelegere profundă a cauzelor sistemice. Structura acestei lucrări este concepută progresiv, de la concept la implementare: debutează cu fundamentarea teoretică a perspectivei erorii umane și evoluează către aplicarea practică a sistemului HFACS (Human Factors Analysis and Classification System). Acest sistem, prezentat detaliat de autorii Douglas A. Wiegmann și Scott A. Shappell, integrează modelul lui James Reason pentru a identifica atât erorile active ale piloților, cât și vulnerabilitățile latente din cadrul organizațiilor.

Reținem că, spre deosebire de alte lucrări care tratează subiectul la un nivel general, acest volum oferă instrumentele specifice necesare anchetatorilor de teren. Dacă Investigating Human Error de Barry Strauch v-a oferit cadrul teoretic extins al psihologiei erorii, A Human Error Approach to Aviation Accident Analysis oferă instrumentele practice și grilele de clasificare utilizate deja de forțe armate precum US Navy sau Canadian Defense Force. Autorul Douglas A. Wiegmann a explorat anterior mecanismele cognitive în lucrarea Attention, însă în volumul de față aplică acele baze teoretice într-un context tehnic și operațional strict.

Cuprinsul reflectă o progresie logică: după stabilirea fundamentelor, cititorul este ghidat prin studii de caz reale care expun „fața” erorii umane, trecând dincolo de simplele intuiții către o analiză bazată pe date. Cartea reușește să pună în mâna profesioniștilor un limbaj comun pentru a clasifica eșecurile de supervizare și deficiențele organizaționale, elemente esențiale pentru orice program modern de prevenire a accidentelor.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780754618737
ISBN-10: 0754618730
Pagini: 184
Ilustrații: index
Dimensiuni: 156 x 234 x 15 mm
Greutate: 0.3 kg
Ediția:New ed.
Editura: CRC Press
Colecția Routledge
Locul publicării:United Kingdom

De ce să citești această carte

Această carte este indispensabilă pentru investigatorii de siguranță aeronautică și ofițerii de securitate militară. Cititorul câștigă acces la sistemul HFACS, o metodologie validată pe teren care transformă datele brute ale unui accident în strategii concrete de prevenție. Este un manual tehnic ce elimină presupunerile subiective, oferind o structură clară pentru analiza eșecurilor umane, de la nivel de cabină până la nivel de management.

Despre autor

Douglas A. Wiegmann și Scott A. Shappell sunt experți recunoscuți internațional în factori umani și siguranță sistemică. Douglas A. Wiegmann, profesor la University of Illinois, are un istoric academic solid în psihologia cognitivă, fiind autorul lucrării Attention, unde a analizat interacțiunea om-tehnologie. Împreună cu Scott A. Shappell, a dezvoltat sistemul HFACS, care a devenit standardul de aur în investigarea accidentelor pentru instituții precum US Navy și Army. Experiența lor vastă se reflectă în cursurile predate la Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University și în numeroasele workshop-uri globale dedicate siguranței transporturilor.

Descriere scurtă

Human error is implicated in nearly all aviation accidents, yet most investigation and prevention programs are not designed around any theoretical framework of human error. Appropriate for all levels of expertise, the book provides the knowledge and tools required to conduct a human error analysis of accidents, regardless of operational setting (i.e. military, commercial, or general aviation). The book contains a complete description of the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS), which incorporates James Reason's model of latent and active failures as a foundation. Widely disseminated among military and civilian organizations, HFACS encompasses all aspects of human error, including the conditions of operators and elements of supervisory and organizational failure. It attracts a very broad readership. Specifically, the book serves as the main textbook for a course in aviation accident investigation taught by one of the authors at the University of Illinois. This book will also be used in courses designed for military safety officers and flight surgeons in the U.S. Navy, Army and the Canadian Defense Force, who currently utilize the HFACS system during aviation accident investigations. Additionally, the book has been incorporated into the popular workshop on accident analysis and prevention provided by the authors at several professional conferences world-wide. The book is also targeted for students attending Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University which has satellite campuses throughout the world and offers a course in human factors accident investigation for many of its majors. In addition, the book will be incorporated into courses offered by Transportation Safety International and the Southern California Safety Institute. Finally, this book serves as an excellent reference guide for many safety professionals and investigators already in the field.

Cuprins

Contents: Errare Humanum Est - to err is human; Human error perspectives; The human factors analysis and classification system (HFACS); Aviation case studies using HFACS; Exposing the face of human error; Beyond gut feelings...; But what about...?; References; Index.

Notă biografică

Dr. Shappell is an internationally renowned expert and a highly sought after consultant and speaker in the fields of human factors, systems safety, error management, and accident investigation. He formerly served as Human Factors Branch Chief at the U.S. Naval Safety Center and as a human factors accident investigation consultant for the Joint Service Safety Chiefs. Prior to the Naval Safety Center, he served as the Force Aerospace Psychologist for the Commander, Naval Air Forces, U.S. Atlantic Fleet. His work experiences also include serving as the Human Factors Research Branch Manager at the Civil Aerospace Medical Institute of the Federal Aviation Administration in Oklahoma City, OK. He has published over 50 papers in the fields of human error analysis and accident investigation, workplace injuries, and fatigue. Dr. Douglas A. Wiegmann is a tenured professor in the Department of Human Factors at the University of Illinois in Urbana-Champaign. He is an internationally recognized expert in the fields of human error analysis and accident investigation, and has formerly served as an aviation psychologist for the U.S. Navy and an accident investigator for the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB). Dr. Wiegmann was the official human factors consultant to the U.S. Department of Energy during the investigation of the August 2003 blackout and consultant to the Columbia Accident Investigation Board during their analysis of the causes underlying the crash of the NASA space shuttle. He is a board certified human factors professional and the past-president of the Aerospace Human Factors Association.

Recenzii

'Bridging the gap between system safety theory and practice, this book provides a clear, comprehensive, field-tested framework to assist aviation safety professionals with investigating, analyzing, and assessing the impact of human error in aviation accidents and incidents. A 'must-read' for all interested in causal factor analysis!' Dr. James T. Luxhøj, Rutgers University, USA '...it is the training in human error analysis using HFACS that has enabled our Naval Flight Surgeons to serve as the human factors experts...' Captain James R. Fraser, M.D., Command Surgeon, Naval Safety Center, Norfolk, Virginia. 'This book is essential reading for all safety professionals, investigators and analysts. Time tested results of aircraft mishap analysis reveal that 80% of all mishaps have human factors as a significant contributing causal factor. These diverse factors have been identified but until now have been difficult to classify in a simple schema that could be used by operators, investigators or human error professionals. This sentinel work, that Dr's Wiegmann and Shappell have generated based upon Reason's model for human error, now provides an elegant tool for not only analysis and classification of the disparate data elements but also provides a frame work to build our intervention strategies around.' Captain Nicholas Webster, MD, MPH, Aeromedical Safety Professional '...the book should be required reading for any journalist expected to cover air accidents. ...it contains a wealth of insight and it will be a useful addition to the bookshelf of anyone with an interest in aviation safety. ' Navigation News Jan 04 'This is a seriously informative and provocative text which deserves a wide readership among all aviation safety professionals and concerned individuals and organisations in the military forces and general travelling public.' Occupational Safety & Health, April 2004