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William James, MD: Philosopher, Psychologist, Physician de Emma K. Sutton

William James, MD: Philosopher, Psychologist, Physician

Autor Emma K. Sutton
en Limba Engleză Paperback – 6 dec 2023

În ultimele decenii, istoria medicinei a evoluat de la o simplă cronologie a descoperirilor către o analiză profundă a modului în care conceptele medicale modelează identitatea socială și intelectuală. Găsim în această lucrare, William James, MD, o reevaluare critică a unuia dintre cei mai importanți gânditori americani, privit prin prisma profesiei sale de bază: cea de medic. Deși posteritatea l-a consacrat ca filosof și psiholog, Emma K. Sutton demonstrează că preocupările sale pentru sănătate, igienă și patologie nu au fost simple note de subsol, ci pilonii centrali ai pragmatismului său.

Notăm cu interes modul în care Sutton dezmembrează mitul „vindecării” lui James. Spre deosebire de relatările biografice clasice care prezintă crizele sale de tinerețe ca pe o etapă depășită, această ediție publicată de University of Chicago Press folosește jurnale și caiete de note nepublicate pentru a arăta un James care s-a luptat cu statutul de invalid până la finalul vieții. Cartea este structurată tematic, pornind de la metafizica suferinței și etica autodistrugerii, trecând prin fiziologia emoțiilor și ajungând la dimensiunea politică a medicinei. Aceasta din urmă este deosebit de relevantă, explorând cum James a apărat persoanele marginalizate într-o epocă dominată de idei eugeniste și de obsesia pentru corpul „normal”.

Descoperim aici o perspectivă clinică asupra lucrărilor sale fundamentale. Ca alternativă la The Essential William James de John R. Shook pentru cercetători, volumul de față are avantajul unei organizări centrate pe experiența somatică, oferind o cheie de lectură medicală acolo unde alte compendii, precum The Oxford Handbook of William James, se concentrează pe ramurile abstracte ale metafizicii. Este o resursă esențială pentru a înțelege cum biologia și patologia au dictat ritmul filosofiei americane la început de secol XX.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780226828985
ISBN-10: 0226828980
Pagini: 240
Ilustrații: 10 halftones
Dimensiuni: 152 x 229 x 20 mm
Greutate: 0.37 kg
Ediția:First Edition
Editura: University of Chicago Press
Colecția University of Chicago Press

De ce să citești această carte

Această lucrare se adresează istoricilor medicinei și cercetătorilor în filosofie care doresc să descopere rădăcinile biologice ale pragmatismului. Cititorul câștigă o perspectivă nouă asupra modului în care suferința fizică și educația medicală pot genera sisteme de gândire reziliente. Este un argument convingător despre cum experiența personală a bolii a influențat definirea normalității în psihologia modernă, oferind o documentare rară prin accesul la arhivele private ale lui James.

Despre autor

Emma K. Sutton este o cercetătoare specializată în intersecția dintre istoria medicinei, psihologie și filosofie. Prin volumul William James, MD, ea aduce o contribuție semnificativă studiilor jamesiene, valorificând documente de arhivă care au fost anterior ignorate sau interpretate exclusiv prin lentilă spirituală. Abordarea sa analitică se concentrează pe contextul cultural al secolului al XIX-lea, investigând modul în care discursul medical a influențat dezvoltarea intelectuală a figurilor centrale din istoria ideilor americane.

Descriere scurtă

The first book to map William James’s preoccupation with medical ideas, concerns, and values across the breadth of his work.
 
William James is known as a nineteenth-century philosopher, psychologist, and psychical researcher. Less well-known is how his interest in medicine influenced his life and work, driving his ambition to change the way American society conceived of itself in body, mind, and soul. William James, MD offers an account of the development and cultural significance of James’s ideas and works, and establishes, for the first time, the relevance of medical themes to his major lines of thought.
 
James lived at a time when old assumptions about faith and the moral and religious possibilities for human worth and redemption were increasingly displaced by a concern with the medically “normal” and the perfectibility of the body. Woven into treatises that warned against humanity’s decline, these ideas were part of the eugenics movement and reflected a growing social stigma attached to illness and invalidism, a disturbing intellectual current in which James felt personally implicated. Most chronicles of James’s life have portrayed a distressed young man, who then endured a psychological or spiritual crisis to emerge as a mature thinker who threw off his pallor of mental sickness for good. In contrast, Emma K. Sutton draws on his personal correspondence, unpublished notebooks, and diaries to show that James considered himself a genuine invalid to the end of his days. Sutton makes the compelling case that his philosophizing was not an abstract occupation but an impassioned response to his own life experiences and challenges. To ignore the medical James is to misread James altogether.

Notă biografică

Emma K. Sutton is an honorary research fellow at Queen Mary University of London.

Cuprins

List of Figures

Introduction: The Public Physician
Diagnosing James
A Philosophy of Everyday Life
1: Misery and Metaphysics
A Dark Business
The Problem of Evil
Poisoned with Utilitarian Venom
The Ethics of Self-Destruction
Conscious Automata
2: Health and Hygiene
The Laws of Health
The Alcohol Question
Habit
Talks to Teachers
Emotions and the Body
3: Religion and Regeneration
The Science of Organic Life
The Wonder-Mongers
The Hidden Self
A Wild World
4: Energy and Endurance
Mortal Disease, Morality, and God
The Divided Self
Superhuman Life
The Energies of Men
5: Politics and Pathology
The Political James
Defending the Degenerate
Validating the Invalid
The Voice of the Sick
Therapeutic Campaigns
Conclusion: Afterlife
Fit to Live
Moral Medicine

Acknowledgments
Notes
Archival Sources
Bibliography
Index

Recenzii

"Sutton’s impressively lucid account shows that James’s self-care was, in the end, just about adequate for him to sustain an active, valuable life, even though he was never free for long from some form of ‘brain fag’, strain, ‘the black cloud’."

“By examining the ‘sick’ William James, Sutton reveals an intriguing relation between pain and philosophical outlook in his work. Her analysis not only gives us new understanding of the ‘adorable genius’; it reminds us that philosophy itself often springs from lived experience, and enduring ideas can find their beginnings even in the most inhospitable human circumstances.”

“Sutton is especially convincing when she discusses how James fought off the then popular, yet dangerously distorting, eugenic idea of degeneracy, with his more promising emphasis on regeneration; how he rethought religion as a source of biological energy; how he conceptualized the politics of psychopathology; and how he gave prominence to suffering as an expression of everyday moral heroism. Her view of James as an active political campaigner for mental health is both inspired and inspiring.”

“Sutton’s extensive reading of James’s notebooks, correspondence, and many unfamiliar essays and talks supports a significant reassessment of James's philosophy as an extended inquiry dominated by concerns and ideas of health and sickness, physical and mental. . . . Highly recommended.”

“Fabulous . . . Changed everything that I thought I knew about Williams James.”

“Sutton has not provided the world with yet another biography of philosopher and psychologist, William James. Instead, she has used her impressive research and analytical skills to provide important insights regarding the relationship between James’s many physical and psychological challenges and his intellectual output. Sutton argues that James’s experiences of infirmity have direct effects on his philosophical arguments, not as intellectual irritants but as substantive catalysts for leading to deep insights. This book shows just how thoroughly embodied James’s philosophy truly is, and as such, makes an important contribution to Jamesian scholarship.”

“Sutton’s study offers a brilliant new reading of James. Her original approach not only brings new dimensions to issues around illness, pain, health, and medicine—though Sutton performs this with precision—but offers a rare scholarly analysis of his letters, reviews, notebooks, and diaries to provide a fuller picture of his personal life and his intellectual engagements. It shows the vital quality of James’s holistic integration of life and thought and the lived quality of his intellectual concerns around sickness and health. With this work, Sutton shows us that the margins of the archive are as important to Jamesian scholarship as his main works. It is a rich study that roots James’s thinking in the reality of his embodied life and shows that, with a sensitivity to his language, we can see the voice of the physician in his psychology, philosophy, and analysis of religion.”

“This book changes our perception of James as a philosopher and intellectual. The best extended piece of scholarship on James in a long time.”