Sherry V. Nelson examines the adaptations and extinction of Sivapithecus, a Miocene hominoid, in the Siwaliks of Pakistan. Three different studies involving dental microwear and stable isotopic analyses are interwoven to provide reconstructions of the preferred landscape, climate, and diet of Sivapithecus as well as changes in the environment that led to its extinction. This book presents new techniques that allow for a more detailed analysis of faunal and environmental change than ever before documented for an ape clade throughout its radiation and demise.