In March 2012, the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology and Logistics requested that the Defense Science Board develop recommendations for technology investments that would enable the Department of Defense to maintain capability superiority in 2030. The Board assembled a study composed of national leaders in science and technology who explored required capabilities, global technology, and the Department that are focused on high-leverage technologies that the study judged are not adequately pursued today. Although the nature of the process precluded a comprehensive review of all potential technologies, the study recommends a new perspective to the Department leadership for planning its investment portfolio.