Neuroscience, like psychology, has a short history but a long past. Although the mind-body relationship has been studied for a long time, it is only in the last fifty years that the term neuroscience has been applied to the academic disciplines focusing on brain and behavior. This book explores topics on the brain, psychoactive drugs, and a variety of human behaviors and experiences--such as music and sleep--taking into consideration the importance of historical roots of neuroscience, which have been largely unexamined before now. It looks particularly at the importance of the Victorian era in the development of theories of the nervous system, which are still visible in today's discourse on brain and behavior.