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Studying Public Policy: Principles and Processes

Autor Michael Howlett, M. Ramesh, Anthony Perl
en Limba Engleză Paperback – 17 mar 2020

Analiza modului în care ideile, structurile și actorii interacționează în arena publică începe, în această a patra ediție a Studying Public Policy, cu o examinare riguroasă a fundamentelor teoretice. Credem că forța acestui volum rezidă în capacitatea autorilor de a segmenta procesul politic complex în sub-procese inteligibile. Prima parte a cărții funcționează ca un inventar critic al resurselor, inventariind tipologiile de actori și idei care influențează deciziile guvernamentale, oferind studenților o bază solidă înainte de a trece la mecanica propriu-zisă a guvernării. Spre deosebire de abordările mai teoretice, Michael Howlett, M. Ramesh și Anthony Perl utilizează modelul ciclului de politici pentru a descompune realitatea administrativă în cinci etape distincte. Această structură analitică extinde cadrul propus de Public Policy de Christoph Knill cu date noi și o focalizare mai aplicată pe variabilele care afectează fiecare stadiu, de la formulare la evaluare. Dacă în lucrarea sa anterioară, The Routledge Handbook of Policy Advisory Systems, Howlett se concentra pe expertiza și sistemele de consultanță, în volumul de față el integrează aceste elemente într-o viziune de ansamblu asupra stabilității și schimbării politicilor publice. Cele 29 de tabele și 6 figuri incluse în această ediție nu sunt simple ilustrații, ci instrumente de lucru care sintetizează procese adesea opace. Recomandăm acest manual pentru claritatea cu care tratează intersecția dintre instituții și interese, oferind o perspectivă mult mai detaliată asupra implementării decât The Public Policy Theory Primer. Este o resursă recalibrată pentru curriculumul actual de științe politice, menținând un echilibru între rigoarea academică și utilitatea practică pentru viitorii analiști.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780199026142
ISBN-10: 0199026149
Pagini: 416
Ilustrații: 6 figures; 29 tables
Dimensiuni: 154 x 231 x 22 mm
Greutate: 0.79 kg
Ediția:4
Editura: OUP CANADA
Colecția OUP Canada
Locul publicării:Toronto, Canada

De ce să citești această carte

Recomandăm această ediție a 4-a oricărui student sau specialist în politici publice care caută o metodă structurată de a înțelege guvernarea. Cititorul câștigă un cadru analitic clar — modelul ciclului de politici — care transformă haosul aparent al deciziilor politice într-un proces previzibil și analizabil. Este un instrument esențial pentru a înțelege nu doar „ce” se decide, ci mai ales „cum” și „de ce” se schimbă politicile în timp.


Despre autor

Michael Howlett este Burnaby Mountain Professor în cadrul Departamentului de Științe Politice de la Universitatea Simon Fraser. Cu o carieră dedicată analizei politicilor publice, Howlett este recunoscut internațional pentru expertiza sa în managementul resurselor și sisteme de consiliere politică. Opera sa academică, ce include coordonarea unor volume de referință precum The Routledge Handbook of Policy Advisory Systems, reflectă o preocupare constantă pentru profesionalizarea procesului decizional. Contribuțiile sale în Studying Public Policy sintetizează decenii de cercetare asupra modului în care guvernele interacționează cu actorii non-statali.


Descriere

Studying Public Policy develops an analytical framework that will enable students to study public policy more effectively. The first of the books three parts examines different approaches to studying public policy by providing inventories of the relevant types of policy actors, structures, and ideas involved in public policy-making. Part Two then breaks down the policy process into the five sub-processes or sub-stages set out in the policy cycle model and analyzes the variables affecting each stage. Part Three concludes the text with a general commentary on the nature of policy change and stability.

Notă biografică

Michael Howlett is Canada Research Chair in Policy and Innovation for Climate Change and Burnaby Mountain Chair and Professor of Political Science at Simon Fraser University.M. Ramesh is UNESCO Chair of Social Policy Design in Asia and a Professor at the Lew Kuan Yew School of Public Policy at the National University of Singapore.Anthony Perl is a Professor and the Director of the Urban Studies Program at Simon Fraser University.

Cuprins

  • Acknowledgments
  • Part I - Methodology, Theory, and Context in Public Policy Research
  • Chapter 1 Studying Public Policy: Why and How
  • Public Policy Defined
  • Methodological Considerations for Studying Public Policy
  • The Policy Cycle Framework: A Problem-Solving Model of the Policy Process
  • The Need for Public Policy Capacity
  • Identifying and Studying Policy Styles and Policy Regimes
  • Overview of the Book
  • Study Questions
  • Further Readings
  • Chapter 2 Understanding Public Policy: Theoretical Approaches
  • Evolution of the Policy Sciences
  • Approaches to Public Policy Analysis: Positivism and Post-Positivism Revisited
  • Positivist Approaches to Policy Analysis
  • Post-Positivist Approaches to Policy Analysis
  • Reconciling the Positivist and Post-Positivist Approaches
  • Approaches to Public Policy Studies: Multi-Level, Multi-Disciplinary
  • Public Choice
  • Class Analysis
  • Pluralism
  • Corporatism
  • Neo-institutionalism
  • Statism
  • Conclusion
  • Study Questions
  • Further Readings
  • Chapter 3 The Policy Context: States and Societies
  • Institutions, Ideas, and Actors in Public Policy
  • The Role of Policy Ideas: Paradigms, Public Sentiments, Symbolic Frames, and Program Ideas
  • The Political-Economic Context
  • Capitalism
  • Liberalism
  • Democracy
  • Policy-Making in the Liberal-Democratic Capitalist State
  • Political-Economic Structures and Public Policy-Making
  • Political Systems and Public Policy
  • Domestic Policy Actors
  • The International System and Public Policy
  • Policy Subsystems and Policy Regimes: Integrating Institutions, Ideas, and Actors
  • Policy Subsystems
  • Conclusion
  • Study Questions
  • Further Readings
  • Part II - The Five Stages of the Policy Cycle
  • Chapter 4 Agenda-Setting: Definition and Problematics
  • What Is Agenda-Setting?
  • Issue Initiation
  • Issue Expansion
  • Agenda-Entrance
  • The Problematics of Agenda-Setting: Issue-Attention Dynamics
  • Issue-Attention in Governments and Society
  • Problems versus Conditions
  • Problem Tractability
  • Other Dilemmas of Policy Problems
  • The Substance of Agenda-Setting: Problem Construction
  • Objective Construction: Convergence Theory and Political Business Cycles
  • Subjective Construction: Ideas and Discourses
  • Gauging Problem Severity: Indicators and Measures
  • Actors and Tasks in Agenda-Setting
  • Epistemic Communities
  • Instrument Constituencies
  • Advocacy Coalitions
  • Policy Entrepreneurs and Policy Brokers
  • Theories of Agenda-Setting: Ideas, Actors, and Structures
  • Funnels of Causality
  • Modes of Agenda-Setting
  • The Multiple Streams Model and Its Evolution
  • Conclusion: A Policy Subsystem Conception of Agenda-Setting
  • Study Questions
  • Further Readings
  • Chapter 5 Policy Formulation: Identifying and Assessing Policy Alternatives
  • What Is Policy Formulation?
  • The Problematics of Policy Formulation
  • Procedural and Substantive Capacity Limits
  • Context in Policy Formulation: Design and Non-Design Orientations
  • The Substance of Policy Formulation: Selecting Policy Tools
  • Nodality, or Information-Based Policy Tools
  • Authority-Based Policy Tools
  • Treasure-Based Policy Tools
  • Organization-Based Policy Tools
  • The Formulation Challenge: Mixing and Bundling Policy Tools
  • Actors in Policy Formulation
  • Policy Advisors and Policy Advisory Systems
  • Instrument Constituencies
  • Modelling Policy Formulation
  • Conclusion: Policy Formulation - Opening up the Black Box
  • Study Questions
  • Further Readings
  • Chapter 6 Decision-Making in Public Policy: Policy Selection and Choice
  • What Is Decision-Making in the Public Sector?
  • Problematics of Decision-Making: An Unknown Future and Risks of Failure
  • Over- and Under-Reactions
  • Uncertainty, Ambiguity, Ignorance, and Incompetence
  • The Substance of Decision-Making: Seeking Advice and Evidence about Policy Choices
  • Policy Analysis
  • Evidence-Based Decision-Making
  • The Nature of Policy Choices: Negative, Positive, and Non-Decisions
  • Actors in the Decision-Making Process
  • Executive, Legislators, Judges, and Administrative Officials
  • Policy Networks
  • Theories of Decision-Making
  • Early Rational and Incremental Models
  • The Comprehensive and Bounded-Rationality Models
  • Incremental Model
  • Mixed-Scanning Models
  • Garbage Can Models
  • "Decision Accretion" Model
  • Conclusion: Revisiting Public Policy Decision-Making Modes
  • Study Questions
  • Further Readings
  • Chapter 7 Policy Implementation: Putting Policies into Effect
  • What Is Policy Implementation?
  • Policy Implementation Barriers: Perfect Implementation and the Anatomy of Failure
  • Barriers to Policy Implementation Originating in the Policy Context
  • Overcoming Policy Implementation Challenges: Understanding Policy Behaviour and the Foundations of Compliance
  • Tools, Targets and Policy Compliance
  • Uncertainty: The Need to Deal with Implementation Surprises
  • Implementation Capacities
  • Actors and Activities in Policy Implementation
  • How Multiple Streams Influence Actors During Implementation
  • The Problem Stream
  • The Policy Stream
  • The Politics Stream
  • The Process Stream
  • The Program Stream
  • Implementation Theories: Seeking and Informing the Logic Behind Program Design
  • First Generation: Borrowing from Public Administration
  • Second Generation: Borrowing from Organization Theory
  • Third Generation: Rationalist Theories and Game Theories
  • Fourth Generation Implementation Theory: Taking Capacity Seriously
  • Conclusion: Implementation Styles and Long-Term Instrument Preferences
  • Study Questions
  • Further Readings
  • Chapter 8 Policy Evaluation: Policy-Making as Learning
  • What Is Policy Evaluation?
  • Definition
  • History
  • Perspectives on Evaluation: Positivist and Post-Positivist
  • Approaches to Evaluation: Administrative and Political
  • Policy Evaluation as Policy Learning
  • Actors in the Policy Evaluation Process
  • Internal Evaluators
  • External Evaluators
  • Types of Policy Evaluation
  • Process Evaluation
  • Impact Evaluation
  • Evaluating and Assessing Policy Success and Failure
  • Assessing the Results of Policy Evaluation
  • Evaluation Criteria
  • Dealing with the Results of Evaluation: Policy Feedback and Policy Termination
  • Linking Policy Evaluation and Learning: Evaluation Styles in Government
  • Conclusion: The Role of Evaluation in the Policy Cycle
  • Study Questions
  • Further Readings
  • Part III - Long-Term Policy Dynamics
  • Chapter 9 Patterns of Policy Change: Between Punctuations and Increments
  • The Outcomes of Policy Succession
  • Policy Feedback
  • Policy Termination
  • Types of Policy Change
  • Normal Policy Change
  • Atypical Policy Change
  • Punctuated Equilibrium: Linking Normal and Atypical Policy Change
  • The Continued Contemporary Relevance of Studying Public Policy: Can the Policy Cycle Model Cope with Challenges from "Truthiness"?
  • Conclusion
  • Study Questions
  • Further Readings
  • Notes
  • References
  • Index