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Shaping Our Selves: On Technology, Flourishing, and a Habit of Thinking de Erik Parens

Shaping Our Selves: On Technology, Flourishing, and a Habit of Thinking

Autor Erik Parens
en Limba Engleză Hardback – 13 noi 2014

Notăm cu interes apariția lucrării Shaping Our Selves, o analiză clinică și nuanțată a modului în care tehnologia ne transformă identitatea. Această ediție aduce în prim-plan o metodologie inedită de lucru în bioetică: „gândirea binoculară”. Erik Parens propune depășirea polarizării dintre entuziaștii care văd în tehnologie calea spre fericire și criticii care pledează pentru acceptarea sinelui natural. Autorul argumentează că, așa cum creierul integrează imagini ușor diferite de la cei doi ochi pentru a crea profunzime vizuală, tot așa trebuie să sintetizăm perspectivele etice divergente pentru a atinge profunzimea intelectuală.

Remarcăm structura riguroasă a volumului, care refuză dihotomiile simpliste precum „creator versus creatură” sau „medical versus social”. Reținem importanța pe care Erik Parens o acordă trecerii de la speculația teoretică la acțiunea etică, culminând cu un protocol detaliat despre consimțământul informat în chirurgia pediatrică reparatorie. Clinicienii care folosesc Human Flourishing in a Technological World de Jens Zimmermann ca referință vor găsi aici un instrumentar mult mai aplicat, orientat spre rezolvarea conflictelor de valori în practica medicală cotidiană.

Lucrarea se înscrie organic în opera autorului, continuând interogațiile din Human Flourishing in an Age of Gene Editing. Dacă în lucrările anterioare accentul cădea pe implicațiile geneticii, aici Erik Parens extinde cadrul către o filosofie a locuirii în propriul corp, mediată de instrumente farmacologice și chirurgicale. Stilul este caracterizat printr-o claritate remarcabilă, evitând capcanele conceptuale ale limbajului și oferind o bază solidă pentru decizii clinice complexe.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780190211745
ISBN-10: 0190211741
Pagini: 216
Dimensiuni: 211 x 145 x 23 mm
Greutate: 0.36 kg
Editura: Oxford University Press
Colecția OUP USA
Locul publicării:New York, United States

De ce să citești această carte

Recomandăm această carte profesioniștilor din domeniul sănătății și eticii care navighează între promisiunile tehnologiei și integritatea umană. Cititorul câștigă o metodă practică de mediere a conflictelor de opinie — gândirea binoculară — și un ghid esențial pentru gestionarea cazurilor sensibile de chirurgie pediatrică. Este o lectură fundamentală pentru a înțelege cum putem înflori într-o lume saturată de intervenții tehnologice.

Despre autor

Erik Parens este cercetător principal la The Hastings Center, primul institut independent de cercetare în bioetică din lume, și profesor la Vassar College. Expertiza sa este vastă, fiind recunoscut pentru coordonarea unor volume de referință precum cele despre genetica comportamentală și drepturile persoanelor cu dizabilități în contextul testării prenatale. Lucrările sale, printre care și The Art of Flourishing, explorează constant intersecția dintre inovația tehnologică și experiența umană a diferenței, promovând o abordare echilibrată și empatică a bioeticii contemporane.

Descriere

When bioethicists debate the use of technologies like surgery and pharmacology to shape our selves, they are, ultimately, debating what it means for human beings to flourish. They are debating what makes animals like us truly happy, and whether the technologies at issue will bring us closer to or farther from such happiness.The positions that participants adopt in debates regarding such ancient and fundamental questions are often polarized, and cannot help but be deeply personal. It is no wonder that the debates are sometimes acrimonious. How, then, should critics of and enthusiasts about technological self-transformation move forward?Based on his experience at the oldest free-standing bioethics research institute in the world, Erik Parens proposes a habit of thinking, which he calls "binocular." As our brains integrate slightly different information from our two eyes to achieve depth of visual perception, we need to try to integrate greatly different insights on the two sides of the debates about technologically shaping our selves-if depth of intellectual understanding is what we are after. Binocular thinking lets us benefit from the insights that are visible from the stance of the enthusiast, who emphasizes that using technology to creatively transform our selves will make us happier, and to benefit from the insights that are visible from the stance of the critic, who emphasizes that learning to let our selves be will make us happier.Parens observes that in debates as personal as these, we all-critics and enthusiasts alike-give reasons that we are partial to. In the throes of our passion to make our case, we exaggerate our insights and all-too-often fall into the conceptual traps that language sets for us. Foolishly, we make conceptual choices that no one who truly wanted understanding would accept: Are technologies value-free or value-laden? Are human beings by nature creators or creatures? Is disability a medical or a social phenomenon? Indeed, are we free or determined? Parens explains how participating in these debates for two decades helped him articulate the binocular habit of thinking that is better at benefiting from the insights in both poles of those binaries than was the habit of thinking he originally brought to the debates.Finally, Parens celebrates that bioethics doesn't aspire only to deeper thinking, but also to better acting. He embraces not only the intellectual aspiration to think deeply about meaning questions that don't admit of final answers, but also the ethical demand to give clear answers to practical questions. To show how to respect both that aspiration and that demand, the book culminates in the description of a process of truly informed consent, in the context of one specific form of using technology to shape our selves: families making decisions about appearance normalizing surgeries for children with atypical bodies.

Recenzii

One will read this book and be persuaded by the approachâThis volume will prove useful for those approaching this subject for the first time and Parens provides brief but useful discussions of various arguments in the enhancement controversies related to antidepressants and disabilities to illustrate both monocular and binocular approaches.
This is a wise and beautifully written book, which heralds the next wave in the bioethical analysis of the 'enhancement' uses of biomedical technologies and body-shaping surgeries. Parens' 'binocular' habit of thinking is just what the field needs now, and applies well beyond the specific issues addressed in this volume.
In this cogent and lucidly written work, Parens provides a clear-headed and open-hearted approach to dealing with the vexing questions raised by enhancement technologies. The use of technologies by which humans try to shape their bodies and their destinies must be viewed, he persuades us, by using two lenses at once-an approach that achieves depth of intellectual vision by benefitting from the insights of critics and enthusiasts alike. In the end, we have to take a stance, but we come to it not through an agonistic 'win the argument' approach, but through a careful, empathetic understanding of both positions. This judicious approach is so desperately needed in a combative discipline like philosophy and its offspring bioethics and still more a world filled with conflict and strife where too many think only through one self-righteous and dogmatic lens.
Chapter 6 alone is worth the price of the book. To look at enhancement technologies through Parens's binoculars is to bring them into lucid ethical focus. At the same time one sees a charming, gentle, and deeply knowledgeable man reaching out reconciling hands to fit together the insights from both critics and enthusiasts.
This is a book of remarkable clarity and balance; it illuminates important issues in bioethics with a substantial degree of care and respect for opposing perspectives in difficult, ongoing debates about the body, identity, disability and technology. Erik Parens' determined vision of a middle-ground in these debates challenges the 'knockers' and the 'boosters' to abandon their respective megaphones and discover more of what they might have in common. This is an essential book especially for those starting out in bioethics; would that there were more books that gave students a balanced perspective on 'hot' issues from the start.

Notă biografică

Erik Parens is a senior research scholar at The Hastings Center, a bioethics research institute in Garrison, NY. He is also an adjunct professor in the program in Science, Technology, and Society at Vassar College, and a Fellow of the Center for Neuroscience and Society at the University of Pennsylvania.