There are a lot of excellent textbooks on the design of reinforced concrete structures. However, based on professional experience of more than thirty years, the author feels that a separate book dedicated only to discuss the properties, behavior and use of reinforcement in concrete construction is highly justified. Conventional textbooks on concrete structures focus primarily on the mechanics of reinforced concrete design. Properties of reinforcement are discussed in a limited manner – only those which are deemed just adequate for discussing the theory of concrete mechanics. Typically, such books contain little or no background information or explanation as to why the various code provisions or rules regarding the reinforcement are imposed or formulated. It is observed that the application of modern materials and technologies in reinforcement manufacturing does not get proper attention or consideration in the engineering practices of many professionals. Based on the interaction with many engineers engaged in the design and construction of concrete structures, the author feels that there is a lack of the essential background knowledge of the engineering properties and behavior of concrete reinforcement among many of them. And such a lack of knowledge often leads to improper implementation of the code design provisions. Limited scope of our existing engineering curricula is primarily responsible for this. This book has been written with an aim to fill this gap and to make engineering students and practicing engineers more up-to-date.