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Privatizing Justice: Arbitration and the Decline of Public Governance in the U.S. de Sarah Staszak

Privatizing Justice: Arbitration and the Decline of Public Governance in the U.S.: Studies in Postwar American Political Development

Autor Sarah Staszak
en Limba Engleză Paperback – 29 aug 2024

Evoluția sistemului juridic american în ultimele decenii reflectă o tranziție profundă de la transparența instanțelor publice către mecanisme private de soluționare a disputelor. Descoperim în Privatizing Justice o analiză riguroasă a modului în care arbitrajul a fost reconfigurat dintr-un instrument de eficiență între parteneri comerciali egali într-o barieră sistemică ce limitează accesul cetățenilor la justiție. Publicată de Oxford University Press în seria Studies in Postwar American Political Development, lucrarea semnată de Sarah Staszak investighează procesul prin care interesele corporative și deciziile politice au erodat guvernarea publică în favoarea unui sistem privatizat.

Putem afirma că forța acestui volum rezidă în perspectiva istorică extinsă pe 150 de ani, documentând cum mișcarea conservatoare din anii '70 a utilizat arbitrajul ca strategie pentru a neutraliza protecțiile muncii specifice epocii New Deal. Găsim aici o continuare tematică a preocupărilor autoarei din No Day in Court, unde aceasta explora declinul accesului la instanțe după „revoluția drepturilor”. Dacă în lucrarea anterioară accentul cădea pe barierele procedurale, Privatizing Justice detaliază mecanismul prin care litigiul a fost înlocuit complet de clauze de arbitraj obligatorii.

Această cercetare completează perspectiva oferită de Rights and Retrenchment, adăugând o dimensiune instituțională specifică arbitrajului la analiza contrarevoluției împotriva aplicării legilor federale. În timp ce alte lucrări din domeniu se concentrează pe aspecte tehnice de reglementare, Sarah Staszak demonstrează cum această schimbare aparent tehnică a exacerbat inegalitatea economică și a subminat fundamentele democratice ale statului american modern. Tonul este unul academic, precis, evitând speculația în favoarea unei documentări istorice solide.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780197771730
ISBN-10: 0197771734
Pagini: 304
Dimensiuni: 157 x 241 x 23 mm
Greutate: 0.45 kg
Editura: Oxford University Press
Colecția OUP USA
Seria Studies in Postwar American Political Development

Locul publicării:New York, United States

De ce să citești această carte

Această carte este esențială pentru cercetătorii în științe politice și drept care doresc să înțeleagă cum privatizarea justiției a devenit un instrument de control politic. Cititorul câștigă o viziune clară asupra mecanismelor prin care marile corporații evită răspunderea legală. Este o recomandare certă pentru cei interesați de intersecția dintre politicile publice și sistemul juridic din SUA.

Despre autor

Sarah Staszak este o cercetătoare recunoscută în domeniul dezvoltării politice americane, axându-se pe intersecția dintre drept, politică și instituțiile statului. Opera sa investighează în mod constant barierele care limitează accesul la justiție și transformările birocrației juridice. În lucrarea sa anterioară, No Day in Court, ea a analizat modul în care reformele procedurale au restrâns capacitatea cetățenilor de a-și apăra drepturile în instanțele federale. Prin Privatizing Justice, Sarah Staszak își consolidează poziția de expert în studiul declinului autorității judiciare publice în fața intereselor private.

Descriere

One of the primary goals of the 1970s-era conservative legal movement was to undo New Deal policies that favored labor at the expense of capital. One of the movement's most effective strategies turned out to be advancing bipartisan legislation on arbitration and convincing the courts that settling disputes that way was preferable to litigation. Today, most consumers and employees today are bound by arbitration agreements, in which they are required to submit all future grievances to a private, binding system of arbitration and forfeit access to the legal system. Arbitration as originally conceived well over a century ago, however, stands in stark contrast to the arbitration in practice today. What changed is that Congress, the Supreme Court, and the private sector began to promote its use in the late twentieth century as a means of protecting corporate and other powerful institutional defendants from the costs of litigation and government regulation itself.How did arbitration shift from providing a low cost, less adversarial, and more efficient way of handling disputes between entities of equal bargaining power to a private, non-reviewable, compulsory forum for resolving disputes between individuals and corporations, often on unilateral terms? By examining the broader institutional, political, and legal dynamics that shaped and enabled these processes of change over the past 150 years, Privatizing Justice examines how this transformation came about. The product of a broad range of actors and institutions interacting with each other--Congress, presidents, the courts, the administrative state, interest groups, and the business community-the system that emerged has not only transformed the American state in profound ways but exacerbated economic inequality and eroded democracy.

Recenzii

Privatizing Justice offers a compelling account of the emergence one of the most important, and overlooked, features of the American political economy. This brilliant book is essential reading not only for students of American capitalism, but also for social scientists interested in the politics of institutional change.
Privatizing Justice is an impressively thorough and beautifully written investigation into the evolution of arbitration from a voluntary, efficient dispute resolution method to a mandatory tool often favoring corporations over individuals. This book is a must-read for anyone who wishes to truly understand how private corporations have come to be so powerful in modern society.
Staszak's sweeping and illuminating account of how the modern private arbitration system came to dominate dispute resolution in the United States should be required reading for scholars of the modern American state, rights, and our legal system, regardless of discipline. She joins rich history with a bracing argument to pose important questions for policymakers, judges, and scholars alike.

Notă biografică

Sarah Staszak received her PhD in Politics from Brandeis University and is a Research Scholar in the Princeton School of Public and International Affairs. Her research and teaching interests include public law, policy, and American political development. She is the author of No Day in Court: Access to Justice and the Politics of Judicial Retrenchment (Oxford University Press, 2015; Co-Winner: 2017 J. David Greenstone Book Award for best book in politics and history awarded by the American Political Science Association). Sarah was previously a Robert Wood Johnson Scholar in Health Policy Research at Harvard University and a Brookings Institution Research Fellow in Governance Studies.