Plant Biomechanics: From Structure to Function at Multiple Scales
Editat de Anja Geitmann, Joseph Grilen Limba Engleză Hardback – 22 iun 2018
În volumul Plant Biomechanics, capitolul dedicat mecanicii și organizării peretelui celular al lemnului stabilește premisa centrală a lucrării: modul în care proprietățile materiale ale țesuturilor determină capacitatea plantei de a rezista forțelor externe. Considerăm că această lucrare reprezintă o resursă esențială pentru înțelegerea principiilor de operare ale organismelor vegetale, oferind o analiză riguroasă a modului în care plantele reușesc să crească împotriva vectorului gravitațional sau să reziste vântului, în absența unui sistem muscular sau a migrației celulare.
Structura cărții este organizată progresiv, pornind de la mecanica organelor și a țesuturilor, trecând prin procesele de morfogeneză și mișcare, până la fundamentele moleculare. Această abordare pe mai multe scări permite cititorului să observe cum interacțiunile chimice, precum cele dintre calciu și pectină, se traduc în răspunsuri mecanice la nivel macro. Lucrarea acoperă o arie tematică similară cu Mechanical Integration of Plant Cells and Plants de Przemyslaw Wojtaszek, însă Plant Biomechanics se distinge printr-o orientare mai pronunțată spre modelarea matematică și evaluarea stresului de creștere în arbori, oferind un cadru cantitativ mai robust pentru biogizicieni.
Editorii Anja Geitmann și Joseph Gril continuă aici explorarea bazei structurale a vieții vegetale, o temă recurentă și în alte lucrări ale lor. De exemplu, în timp ce Plant Cell Walls se concentra pe importanța peretelui celular pentru nutriție și industrie, volumul de față recalibrează perspectiva către funcția biomecanică pură. Ritmul expunerii este unul academic, cu un ton precis, fiind susținut de modele și ipoteze care explică fenomene complexe precum răsucirea rădăcinilor sau plierea pereților celulari.
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Specificații
ISBN-10: 3319790986
Pagini: 450
Ilustrații: IX, 441 p. 140 illus., 115 illus. in color.
Dimensiuni: 155 x 235 mm
Greutate: 0.91 kg
Ediția:1st ed. 2018
Editura: Springer International Publishing
Colecția Springer
Locul publicării:Cham, Switzerland
De ce să citești această carte
Recomandăm această carte cercetătorilor din botanică și biofizică care doresc să înțeleagă plantele ca sisteme inginerești complexe. Cititorul câștigă o perspectivă aprofundată asupra modului în care structura dictează funcția, de la nivel molecular la cel de organism întreg. Este o lectură fundamentală pentru cei care studiază adaptarea plantelor la factorii de mediu și strategiile lor unice de mișcare și dezvoltare structurală.
Despre autor
Ediția este coordonată de cercetători de prestigiu în domeniul biologiei vegetale. Anja Geitmann este recunoscută pentru contribuțiile sale în citologia și biomecanica plantelor, explorând anterior mecanismele de dezvoltare în lucrări precum Pollen and Pollen Tube Biology. Joseph Gril aduce expertiza sa în mecanica lemnului și știința materialelor biologice. Împreună, aceștia au reunit specialiști care transformă observația biologică în date cantitative, integrând cunoștințe de fizică, matematică și botanică pentru a explica supraviețuirea și creșterea plantelor în medii dinamice.
Descriere scurtă
The authors provide an overview of the state of the art of plant structure and function and how they relate to the mechanical behavior of the organism, such as the ability of plants to grow against the gravity vector or to withstand the forces of wind. They also show the sophisticated strategies employed by plants to effect organ movement and morphogenesisin the absence of muscles or cellular migration. As such, this book not only appeals to scientists currently working in plant sciences and biophysics, but also inspires future generations to pursue their own research in this area.
Cuprins
Notă biografică
Dr. Geitmann obtained her PhD in Environmental Biology in 1997 from the University of Siena (Italy), following undergraduate and graduate studies in biology at the University of Constance (Germany), Oregon State University (USA), and Stockholm University (Sweden). From 1997 to 2001 she performed postdoctoral research at the Université Laval, Québec, and at the University of Wageningen, the Netherlands. In 2001, she was recruited as a faculty member by the Department of Biological Sciences of the Université de Montréal and the Institut de recherche en biologie végétale. She taught Plant Anatomy, Microscopy, and Scientific Communication at undergraduate and graduate levels, respectively before moving to McGill University in 2015. Dr. Geitmann has organized numerous international conferences and workshops including a NATO Workshop on Tip Growth, joint meetings between the American and Canadian Societies of Plant Biology, and an international Workshop on Cell Wall Mechanics at the Banff International Research Station. In 2018, she organized the 9th International Plant Biomechanics Conference in Montreal.
Dr. Geitmann investigates the mechanical aspects of processes involved in plant growth and reproduction. Her research combines cell biology with engineering methodology and focuses on the intracellular processes that lead to the formation of differentiated cell shapes, plant organs and functional tissues. These studies aim at understanding the interrelation between the primary cell wall and turgor, as well as the intracellular transport processes regulating cell wall assembly and mechanical behavior. One of the model cell types investigated is the pollen tube, a very rapidly growing plant cell that has the capacity to penetrate tissues, direct its growth following guidance cues, and to deliver the sperm cells during plant fertilization. Dr. Geitmann’s research group has developed sophisticated experimental and computational tools enabling researchers to answer questions such as how the pollen tube turns and how it exerts invasive forces. In other research projects her team investigates how plant cells undergo morphogenesis to generate intricate geometrical shapes and mechanical tissues with specific material properties.
Joseph Gril Dr. Gril holds a CNRS senior scientist position in mechanical engineering science and currently leads a French consortium of institutions and researchers involved in wood science. Dr. Gril graduated from Ecole Polytechnique in 1981 and from Ecole du Génie rural des Eaux et des Forêts in 1983. In 1988, he obtained a PhD in Mechanical Engineering from Paris 6 University. He was hired as a CNRS researcher in 1989 and worked in the Laboratory of Mechanics and Civil Engineering (LMGC) where in 2004 he succeeded Bernard Thibaut as leader of a research group devoted to basic and applied knowledge on wood, tree biomechanics, support of research in developing countries, introduction of wood culture in university curricula. In 2008 and 2009 he worked 5 months in the Research Institute of Sustainable Humanosphere as invited professor of Kyoto University. In 2017, he moved to Clermont-Ferrand where he joined Institut Pascal with a part-time position in the group ‘Physique et Physiologie Intégrative de l’Arbre en Environnement Fluctuant (PIAF)’.
Joseph Gril established collaborations with wood scientists in Europe, Japan, China, Morocco, Iran, etc. where he contributed through data analysis and modelling. He contributed significantly to the progress of wood mechanics in Europe through active networking activity through the COST system, for instance as vice-chair of Actions E50 “Cell-wall macromolecules and reaction wood” (2005–2009) and IE0601 “Wood science for conservation of cultural heritage” (2007–2011). He won the CNRS silver medal in 2003 and since 2004 leads the mechanical study of the wooden support of Leonardo da Vinci’s famous painting Mona Lisa. He has organized several international conferences mostly in connection with COST Actions. He co-organized the 8th International Plant Biomechanics Conference in Nagoya and served on the International Advisory Committee for the 9th Conference in Montreal.
Dr. Gril studies how wood performs its mechanical functions both in man-made objects and in living trees. He models the time-dependent deformation of wood subjected to changing climate and the relationships between structure and properties. He studies how the process of wood formation contributes to the material variability by generating mechanical interactions between tissues and collaborates with restorers to improve the conservation of ancient wooden objects. In 2012, he obtained the support of several CNRS Institutes to launch GDR3544, a multidisciplinary network aiming at the promotion of wood research and education through the organization of annual meetings, workshops, training schools and individual scientific missions. Renewed once until 2020, this network currently groups about 500 staff and 150 students from 100 French laboratories, as well as 100 scientists from 25 countries.