
Cărți de Peter Abelard

Peter Abelard (; French: Pierre Abélard; Latin: Petrus Abaelardus or Abailardus; c. 1079 – 21 April 1142) was a medieval French scholastic philosopher, leading logician, theologian, poet, composer and musician.
In philosophy he is celebrated for his logical solution to the problem of universals via nominalism and conceptualism and his pioneering of intent in ethics. Often referred to as the "Descartes of the twelfth century", he is considered a forerunner of Rousseau, Kant, and Spinoza. He is sometimes credited as a chief forerunner of modern empiricism.
In history and popular culture, he is best known for his passionate and tragic love affair, and intense philosophical exchange, with his brilliant student and eventual wife, Héloïse d'Argenteuil. He was a defender of women and of their education. After having sent Héloïse to a convent in Brittany to protect her from her abusive uncle who did not want her to pursue this forbidden love, he was castrated by men sent by this uncle. Still considering herself as his spouse even though both retired to monasteries after this event, Héloïse publicly defended him when his doctrine was condemned by Pope Innocent II and Abelard was therefore considered, at that time, as a heretic. Among these opinions, Abelard professed the innocence of a woman who commits a sin out of love.
In Catholic theology, he is best known for his development of the concept of limbo, and his introduction of the moral influence theory of atonement. He is considered (alongside Augustine) to be the most significant forerunner of the modern self-reflective autobiographer. He paved the way and set the tone for later epistolary novels and celebrity tell-alls with his publicly distributed letter, The History of My Calamities, and public correspondence.
In law, Abelard stressed that, because the subjective intention determines the moral value of human action, the legal consequence of an action is related to the person that commits it and not merely to the action. With this doctrine, Abelard created in the Middle Ages the idea of the individual subject central to modern law. This eventually gave to School of Notre-Dame de Paris (later the University of Paris) a recognition for its expertise in the area of Law (and later led to the creation of a faculty of law in Paris).


Historia Calamitatum

Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans
Fathers of the Church: Mediaeval Continuation, nr. 12

Letters of Peter Abelard, Beyond the Personal
Medieval Texts in Translation

Distoria Calamitatum - The Story of My Misfortunes: Bolivia and Brazil

Abelard: Ethical Writings

Briefwechsel zwischen Abaelard und Heloise, mit der Leidensgeschichte Abaelards

The Love Letters Of Abelard And Heloise

Letters of Abelard and Heloise

The Love Sonnets of Abelard & Heloise

The history of the lives of Abeillard and Heloisa

Abelard and Heloise: The Letters and Other Writings: Selected Songs & Poems Translated by Stanley Lombardo & by Barbara Thorburn

Theologia Summi boni
Philosophische Bibliothek 395

The Love Letters of Abelard and Heloise

A Luxury of Self-Reproach

Lettres Amoureuses D'Heloise Et D'Abeilard Suivies Des Lettres De La Religieuse Portugaise (1888)
