Nursing research plays an important role in the development of nursing care. Nursing care has developed into an evidence-based practice and research studies could provide more evidence in this practice, thereby enabling us to evaluate the effectiveness of the care provided. Research should help create a scientific knowledge baseline for nursing practice which would include health promotion, protection and prevention from illness, optimisation of health conditions for not only the people who are critically ill, but also for those who are healthy. This book presents and discusses nursing research, as well as how through research a cost-effective health care system can be developed.