There are indisputable concerns over the ineffective participation of Least-Developed Countries (LDCs) and Small Vulnerable Economies (SVEs) in the process of global integration, and their failure to derive benefits from the ongoing process of trade liberalization and globalization.This paper explains the theme of marginalization of LDCs and SVEs in the international trade arena, and their declining relative importance in world trade. Statistical analysis is used to determine the long-term declining share of LDCs and SVEs in world merchandise exports. The study argues that the process of marginalization of these countries is mostly the result of the failure of LDCs and SVEs to diversify from their static comparative advantage related to the production of primary products, the significance of which in world trade has declined considerably during the past decades. The analysis emphasises the need for diversification of exports and an expansion of the manufacturing export base in these countries."