The biennial Census of Juveniles in Residential Placement provides the nation with a detailed picture of juveniles in custody-age, race, gender, offenses, adjudication status, and more. Conducted by the U.S. Bureau of the Census for the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, the census surveys both public and private juvenile residential placement facilities in every state. This Bulletin presents the latest available national and state-level data from the census, portraying the 134,011 youth held in 2,939 facilities on October 27, 1999. Because the census does not survey adult facilities, the Bulletin draws on other sources for statistics on offenders younger than 18 who were held in jails and adult prisons. It also examines imposition of the death penalty for crimes committed by offenders when they were younger than 18. Clear, comprehensive, reliable statistical information on juveniles in custody, such as that presented in this Bulletin, is an invaluable resource for policymakers and juvenile justice professionals. This information is essential not only for planning and operating juvenile residential facilities but also for understanding and preventing delinquency.