According to the mass media, Japanese nationalism is on the rise. Tokyo's stance on national security is becoming uncharacteristically assertive. This book explores the prospect of Japans remilitarisation and challenges the preconceived approaches taken by existing theories to Japans national security. The book examines Japans pacifism since the Second World War, developments in Japanese military build-up since the late 1960s, and Japans responses to the conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq.