Human malnutrition is a serious health problem worldwide. Traditionally, malnutrition is referred to as under-nutrition. However, during the last three decades, the problems of overweight and obesity have reached alarming proportions necessitating the coinage of the term "globesity" which refers to global obesity. Thus, malnutrition manifests itself as a dual burden: under-nutrition and over-nutrition. Both these burdens have serious implications regarding morbidity and mortality. In this book, there are 15 chapters which discuss these dual burdens. These chapters address diverse aspects of human nutrition including birth weight, under-nutrition, overweight and obesity, nutrition interventions, micronutrients and other co-variates of malnutrition. Confounding factors of malnutrition are also highlighted.