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How Was It Possible?: A Holocaust Reader de Peter Hayes

How Was It Possible?: A Holocaust Reader

Editat de Peter Hayes
en Limba Engleză Paperback – apr 2015

În lucrarea How Was It Possible?, profesorul Peter Hayes propune o resursă academică de o anvergură impresionantă, structurată special pentru a răspunde nevoilor educaționale într-o epocă în care supraviețuitorii Holocaustului dispar dintre noi. Această antologie de peste 900 de pagini nu se rezumă la a descrie atrocitățile, ci deconstruiește mecanismele politice, sociale și logistice care au făcut ca genocidul să fie realizabil. Observăm o organizare riguroasă a materialului, pornind de la rădăcinile istorice ale antisemitismului și rasismului (capitolul 1), trecând prin consolidarea puterii naziste și până la realitatea cruntă a lagărelor de moarte.

Fiecare secțiune beneficiază de introduceri semnate de Peter Hayes, care oferă contextul necesar pentru textele unor gânditori fundamentali precum Timothy Snyder sau Primo Levi. Cititorii familiarizați cu Understanding and Teaching the Holocaust de Laura Hilton vor aprecia aici profunzimea surselor primare și secundare, volumul funcționând ca un complement analitic ce transformă „inefabilul” în subiect de studiu documentat. Spre deosebire de alte lucrări care se concentrează pe perspectiva victimelor, acest volum analizează și „colaborarea elitelor” sau „coerciția la nivelul străzii”, oferind o imagine de ansamblu asupra societății germane.

Apreciem integrarea hărților și a tabelelor, elemente esențiale care ancorează dezbaterea teoretică în date geografice și statistice concrete. Peter Hayes continuă aici direcția începută în alte lucrări de referință ale sale, precum Why? sau German Railroads, Jewish Souls, insistând pe demistificarea birocrației amorale și a ideologiei care au susținut mașinăria distrugerii. Este o lucrare fundamentală care refuză simplificările, invitând la o înțelegere profundă a istoriei prin intermediul celor mai autoritare voci din domeniu.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780803274693
ISBN-10: 0803274696
Pagini: 920
Ilustrații: 19 illustrations, 4 maps, 7 tables
Dimensiuni: 203 x 254 x 50 mm
Greutate: 1.81 kg
Editura: Nebraska
Colecția University of Nebraska Press
Locul publicării:United States

De ce să citești această carte

Această antologie este esențială pentru profesori și studenți care caută un instrument de studiu cuprinzător despre Holocaust. Prin selecția de texte semnate de experți mondiali, cartea transformă un subiect complex într-o lecție de istorie inteligibilă. Cititorul câștigă o perspectivă clară asupra modului în care instituțiile și cetățenii obișnuiți au facilitat genocidul, oferind argumente solide împotriva negaționismului și a uitării.

Despre autor

Peter Hayes este profesor emerit de istorie și studii despre Holocaust la Northwestern University, fiind considerat unul dintre cei mai importanți cercetători ai implicării economice și birocratice a Germaniei naziste în Holocaust. Lucrarea sa anterioară, „Industry and Ideology”, a fost premiată pentru analiza detaliată a corporației IG Farben. Cu o carieră dedicată educației și cercetării, Hayes a editat numeroase volume în seria „Lessons and Legacies” și a contribuit la demistificarea Holocaustului prin analize care pun accentul pe cauzalitate și logică administrativă, nu doar pe ideologie pură.

Descriere scurtă

As the Holocaust passes out of living memory, future generations will no longer come face-to-face with Holocaust survivors. But the lessons of that terrible period in history are too important to let slip past. How Was It Possible?, edited and introduced by Peter Hayes, provides teachers and students with a comprehensive resource about the Nazi persecution of Jews. Deliberately resisting the reflexive urge to dismiss the topic as too horrible to be understood intellectually or emotionally, the anthology sets out to provide answers to questions that may otherwise defy comprehension.
 
This anthology is organized around key issues of the Holocaust, from the historical context for antisemitism to the impediments to escaping Nazi Germany, and from the logistics of the death camps and the carrying out of genocide to the subsequent struggles of the displaced survivors in the aftermath.
 
Prepared in cooperation with the Jewish Foundation for the Righteous, this anthology includes contributions from such luminaries as Jean Ancel, Saul Friedlander, Tony Judt, Alan Kraut, Primo Levi, Robert Proctor, Richard Rhodes, Timothy Snyder, and Susan Zuccotti. Taken together, the selections make the ineffable fathomable and demystify the barbarism underlying the tragedy, inviting readers to learn precisely how the Holocaust was, in fact, possible.

Notă biografică

Peter Hayes is a professor of history and Theodore Zev Weiss Holocaust Educational Foundation Professor of Holocaust Studies at Northwestern University. He is the author of From Cooperation to Complicity: Degussa in the Third Reich and Industry and Ideology: IG Farben in the Nazi Era. Harvey Schulweis is chairman of the Jewish Foundation for the Righteous.

Cuprins

List of Illustrations
Foreword
Harvey Schulweis
Introduction
Peter Hayes
Editorial Note

Chapter 1. The Context
Introduction
Peter Hayes
[1.1] Antisemitism
Robert S. Wistrich, from Antisemitism: The Longest Hatred
[1.2] Racism
Michael Burleigh and Wolfgang Wippermann, from The Racial State
[1.3] Contradictions in Central Europe
Amos Elon, from The Pity of It All
[1.4] Germany’s Turmoil, 1918–1933
Klaus P. Fischer, from Nazi Germany: A New History
[1.5] The Interwar Jewish Heartland
Ezra Mendelsohn, from The Jews of East Central Europe Between the World Wars

Chapter 2. Nazism in Power
Introduction
Peter Hayes
[2.1] Elite Cooperation
Eckart Conze et al., from Das Amt und die Vergangenheit [The Office and the Past]
[2.2] Street-Level Coercion
Sebastian Haffner, from Defying Hitler
[2.3] The Claims of Community
Thomas Kühne, from Belonging and Genocide
[2.4] Aryanization
Avraham Barkai, from From Boycott to Annihilation
[2.5] Talk of “Annihilation”
Ernst von Weizsäcker’s Remarks to a Swiss Diplomat, November 15, 1938, from Documents Diplomatiques Suisses
“Jews, What Now?” from Das Schwarze Korps, November 24, 1938
Hitler’s Reichstag Speech, January 30, 1939, from Nazism 1939–1945

Chapter 3. Impediments to Escape
Introduction
Peter Hayes
[3.1] The United States and Refugees, 1933–1940
Richard Breitman and Alan M. Kraut, from American Refugee Policy and European Jewry, 1933–1945
[3.2] France: From Hospitality to Hostility
Eugen Weber, from The Hollow Years
[3.3] The Unreceptive British Empire
Louise London, from Whitehall and the Jews, 1933–1948
[3.4] Switzerland
Independent Commission of Experts Switzerland—Second World War, from Switzerland, National Socialism, and the Second World War
[3.5] Palestine
Rebecca Boehling and Uta Larkey, from Life and Loss in the Shadow of the Holocaust
[3.6] Going and Staying
Marion Kaplan, from Between Dignity and Despair

Chapter 4. The New Order in Europe
Introduction
Peter Hayes
[4.1] Culling the German Volk
Robert N. Proctor, from Racial Hygiene
[4.2] Rearranging Populations
Götz Aly and Suzanne Heim, from Architects of Annihilation
[4.3] Racial War in the East
Timothy Snyder, from Bloodlands
[4.4] Plunder, Individual and Governmental
Götz Aly, from Hitler’s Beneficiaries
[4.5] Forced Labor
Ulrich Herbert, from Hitler’s Foreign Workers

Chapter 5. Jews in the Nazi Grip
Introduction
Peter Hayes
[5.1] Indirect Rule
Isaiah Trunk, from Judenrat
[5.2] Isolation and Impoverishment
Chaim Kaplan, from Scroll of Agony
[5.3] Choiceless Choices
Gordon J. Horwitz, from Ghettostadt: Lódz and the Making of a Nazi City
[5.4] Leaving a Record
Samuel D. Kassow, from Who Will Write Our History?
[5.5] Nothing to Lose
Yisrael Gutman, from The Jews of Warsaw, 1939–1943
[5.6] Women Slave Laborers
Felicja Karay, from Women in the Holocaust
[5.7] Robbery in the Netherlands
Martin Dean, from Robbing the Jews

Chapter 6. The German Killers and Their Methods
Introduction
Peter Hayes
[6.1] Deciding to Kill
Mark Roseman, from The Wannsee Conference and the Final Solution
[6.2] Bringing Death to Jews
Richard Rhodes, from Masters of Death
[6.3] Bringing Jews to Death
Raul Hilberg, from The Destruction of the European Jews
[6.4] Political Soldiers
Edward B. Westermann, from Hitler’s Police Battalions
[6.5] The Fates of Gypsies
Yehuda Bauer, from Anatomy of the Auschwitz Death Camp
[6.6] Camp Labor
Primo Levi, from If This Is a Man (Survival in Auschwitz)
[6.7] The Final Frenzy
Daniel Blatman, from The Death Marches

Chapter 7. Collaboration and Its Limits
Introduction
Peter Hayes
[7.1] Poland: The Blue Police
Jan Grabowski, from Hunt for the Jews
[7.2] Romania: Annihilation Aborted
Jean Ancel, from The History of the Holocaust in Romania
[7.3] Vichy France: “Our” Jews and the Rest
Saul Friedländer, from The Years of Extermination: Nazi Germany and the Jews, 1939–1945
[7.4] The Italian Paradox
Susan Zuccotti, from The Italians and the Holocaust
[7.5] The Hungarian Paroxysm
Randolph L. Braham, from Studies on the Holocaust
[7.6] Papal Priorities
Michael Phayer, from The Catholic Church and the Holocaust, 1930–1965
[7.7] Self-Serving Switzerland
Independent Commission of Experts Switzerland—Second World War, from Switzerland, National Socialism, and the Second World War

Chapter 8. Rescuing Jews—Means and Obstacles
Introduction
Peter Hayes
[8.1] The Kovno Connection
Jonathan Goldstein, from Lessons and Legacies VI
[8.2] The Good German of Vilna
Michael Good, from The Search for Major Plagge
[8.3] Collective Action in Vivarais-Lignon
Patrick Henry, from We Only Know Men
[8.4] The Hidden Jews of Warsaw
Gunnar S. Paulsson, from Secret City
[8.5] Saving Jewish Children in Belgium
Bob Moore, from Survivors
[8.6] American Inhibitions
Richard Breitman and Alan M. Kraut, from American Refugee Policy and European Jewry, 1933–1945
[8.7] Sweden Expands Asylum
Paul A. Levine, from From Indifference to Activism

Chapter 9. Aftermath
Introduction
Peter Hayes
[9.1] Survivors
Mark Wyman, from DPs: Europe’s Displaced Persons, 1945–51
[9.2] Zion’s Ambivalence
Tom Segev, from The Seventh Million
[9.3] America’s Incomprehension
Beth B. Cohen, from Case Closed
[9.4] The Great Reversal
Tony Judt, from Postwar
[9.5] The Pathology of Denial
Richard J. Evans, from Lying about Hitler
[9.6] Restitution and Its Discontents
Michael R. Marrus, from Some Measure of Justice
[9.7] After Such Knowledge
Eva Hoffman, from After Such Knowledge

List of Abbreviations
Source Acknowledgments
Index

Recenzii

"How Was It Possible constitutes an invaluable resource and should find its place in all libraries."—Jack Fischel, Jewish Book Council

"[How Was It Possible?] should prove valuable not only to academic specialists, but to college students, their teachers, as well as for the general reader."—Jonathan Fass, Jewish Book World

"A first-class anthology."—Sheldon Kirshner Journal

“This brilliant compilation includes must-read primary sources, classic works of scholarship, and cutting-edge interpretations, assembled and introduced by a master historian and path-breaking Holocaust educator. An invaluable resource for students and teachers alike.”—Doris L. Bergen, author of War and Genocide: A Concise History of the Holocaust 
 

“Peter Hayes has assembled an outstanding collection of texts addressing what is undoubtedly the most important question arising from the Holocaust: How was it possible? This volume will prove invaluable to academic specialists, students, and non-expert readers who insist on the importance of approaching the subject with empirical and intellectual rigor.”—Alan E. Steinweis, professor of history and Miller Distinguished Professor of Holocaust Studies at the University of Vermont and author of Kristallnacht 1938