Neuropsychological data and animal research suggest that hippocampus play both a critical role in episodic learning and memory, and an adaptive role during active navigation. Recent studies have attempted to bridge these disparate theories of hippocampal function by emphasising the role that hippocampal place cells might play in the processing of spatial information that defines situations in which learning occurs. The volume evaluates from behavioural, genetic, physiological, computational, and neural systems perspectives the extent to which the study of place-field properties has informed our understanding of the neural mechanisms of hippocampal-dependent memory.