Metal oxides and their nanostructures have emerged as an important class of materials with a rich spectrum of properties and great potential for device applications. These include transparent electrodes, high electron mobility transistors, gas sensors, photovoltaic and photonic devices, energy harvesting devices with multiferroic oxides, nonvolatile memories with defective oxides, etc. The book addresses fundamental challenges related to synthesis, characterization, assembly, and device applications of oxide nanostructures, as well as the most recent progress in these fields. Topics include: physics and applications of phase transitions; strain and interfaces in complex oxide nanostructures; nano-ionics and resistance switching in oxides; assembly and processing of oxide nanostructures; zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, other oxide semiconductors and their applications.