Esther

Esther (1884), the second of two novels by noted American historian Henry Adams (1838-1918), deals with a woman's inability to accept religious faith as men have formulated it. Esther Dudley, a young New York socialite and artist raised without religion, falls in love with Episcopal clergyman Stephen Hazard, but she cannot embrace his Christianity and remain true to herself. Displaying the subtle interplay of mind found in the best work of Henry James, Esther suggests the symbolism of the Virgin Mary that Adams would take up some twenty years later in his Mont Saint-Michel and Chartres, a Study in Thirteenth-Century Unity: Esther rejects Hazard just as the Virgin rejected the scholastic formulation of the Trinity and the whole medieval system of moral law.