Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a dialysis technique in which the peritoneum is used as the membrane for the exchange of fluid and dissolved substances with blood. It is performed in individuals with kidney failure, to sustain the continued removal of excess fluid and toxins. It affords better tolerability and greater flexibility in people with heart disease. In peritoneal dialysis, a solution made of hydrogen carbonate, sodium chloride and an osmotic agent is introduced through a tube in the lower abdomen, until it is removed later. This can happen at regular intervals throughout the day, or at night. A person on PD should be monitored to ensure adequate dialysis, and evaluated for complications. Since infections commonly occur with dialysis, an appropriate medical regimen should be established to ensure its prevention. This book outlines the techniques and applications of peritoneal dialysis in detail. Also included in this book is a detailed explanation of the modern practices of performing peritoneal dialysis. This book, with its detailed analyses and data, will prove immensely beneficial to professionals and students involved in nephrology at various levels.