The dependence of humans on soil and curiosity regarding it is leading to the investigation of alterations within soil processes. The diversity and dynamics of soil are creating scope for novel discoveries and insights, which enable us to comprehend the variation in soil processes. As a result, this allows us to take the required steps for the protection of soil and subsequently promoting soil health. The aim of this book is to give an updated account on the present state of knowledge about recent evaluations and practices in soil science. Moreover, it provides a descriptive assessment about the impact of residue/waste application on soil properties and the mechanism of plant development and adaptation. Interesting examples of simulation employing distinct models dealing with ecosystem respiration, carbon sequestration, soil landscape etc. have been illustrated. This book also contains information regarding analysis of areal data and geostatistics by employing various evaluation techniques. Current progresses in analytical methods used for obtaining answers to the diverse physical mechanisms, biological and chemical processes in soil have also been elucidated in this book.