Essential oils, renowned for their multifaceted properties, have been integral to the tapestry of human history, forging connections to our past by evoking memories of cherished places and the aromatic embrace of grandparents' kitchens. Beyond their nostalgic allure, these oils play a pivotal role in various industries, serving as functional compounds in food matrices, packaging, preservatives, and essential elements in plant protection—ranging from pesticides to antimicrobials and repellents. This book unfolds in ten chapters, presenting a collection of groundbreaking studies on the composition, biological, and pharmacological properties of essential oils. Collaborative efforts from multidisciplinary groups across the globe, including Brazil, Chile, Vietnam, Nigeria, and the Southeast Asian Region, converge to offer a diverse and innovative perspective on the subject. Delving into the intricate world of essential oils, this book encapsulates a wealth of knowledge that transcends geographical boundaries, providing valuable insights regarding the global impact and applications of these extraordinary natural compounds.