In unpacking Turkey's diaspora diplomacy, the book first examines the continuities and changes in Turkey's diaspora policies from the 1960s to the present day and offers a conceptual framework to understand this transformation. Based on cross-country analysis, it presents the first in-depth study of the Turkish diaspora's post-2003 role as an agent of diplomatic goals and explores the plethora of transnational and international tensions that emerged from this process. It illustrates that Turkey has empowered the conservative elements of the Turkish diaspora and has begun to see them as Turkey's 'ambassadors abroad'. Yet Turkey's selective preferment has caused resentment among disregarded diaspora groups, weakened Turkey's diaspora diplomacy and generated unrest within Europe. While diaspora diplomacy is not the only element harming Turkey's relationship with the EU, it has nonetheless been a significant and overlooked contribution to the worsening of relations.